资格权视角下广州市乡村地区存量村民住宅确权政策研究

Existing Village Housing Confirmation Policy from the Perspective of Qualification Right,Guangzhou

近年来,大都市地区的发展已经从“重城轻乡”模式向“城乡并举”模式转变,通过推进乡村地区存量村民住宅确权以盘活存量土地空间、激活乡村土地经济成为乡村振兴的主要抓手之一。针对目前大都市地区乡村存量村民住宅确权过程中存在的违建现象错综复杂、住宅管理制度低效和法治依据缺失的问题,文章引入宅基地“资格权”的概念,从问题导向、治理导向及政策导向3个维度解析基于宅基地资格权的确权政策条文的内在逻辑和运行规律,并以广州市乡村地区为例,提出以建设主体为切入点,对不同历史阶段的存量村民住宅进行分类,宽严并举地推动存量村民住宅确权,以及构建存量村民住宅确权通则性导引,快速定性存量村民住宅确权的优化策略,以期通过明晰的政策法律条文引导存量村民住宅确权。

Metropolitan area development has transferred from“prioritizing city over countryside”towards“urban rural integration”in recent years.Vitalizing existing land through confirmation of housing property in the countryside has become a major approach in rural revitalization.In consideration with the problems such as illegal construction,weak management of farmers’housing property,lack of legal reference,the paper introduces the concept of“qualification right”,analyzes the internal logic and operation rules of homestead qualification right confirmation from 3 dimensions:problem,governance,and policy.Taking Guangzhou countryside as an example,the paper reorganizes village houses based on the time of construction,establishes housing confirmation guidance rules,and promotes housing confirmation by clear policy and regulations.