朝鲜朝使臣金堉《哀江南赋》探析

An Analysis of Kim Yuk’s Mourning for Jiangnan

庾信《哀江南赋》在朝鲜半岛的传播与流行,有着深刻的家国情怀与政治意义,是朝鲜君臣痛悼亡明与寄望明朝复辟的心理寄托;金堉作为朝鲜出使明朝的最后一起使臣,在其出使期间,《哀江南赋》的创作已经积累了丰富的素材并埋下了腹稿;金氏在沈阳期间,亲闻明朝覆亡,悲愤恸恨,遂创作《哀江南赋》,这是其自身经历与思想感情的自然流露;此赋的创作,足见金堉对明代史实掌故之谙熟与深刻的了解,堪称记录有明一代兴亡的“赋史”。中国经典与名篇流传到朝鲜半岛后,经过再度的解读与阐释,往往会生发出别解与新义,庾信《哀江南赋》的流播与金堉《哀江南赋》的创作就是明证。这种跨民族、跨地域、跨国别、跨时代的文学与文化流变现象,值得学术界做更深入、更细致的探研。

The dissemination and popularity of Yu Xin’s Mourning for Jiangnan on the Korean Peninsula has profound patriotic and political significance.It is the psychological sustenance of the Korean monarchs and ministers to mourn the fall of the Ming Dynasty and their hope of its restoration.As the last Joseon envoy to the Ming Dynasty,Kim Yuk had accumulated abundant materials for his creation of Mourning for Jiangnan during his mission,and he even worked out the draft in his mind.When Kim Yuk was in Shenyang,he heard the fall of the Ming Dynasty,his sorrow and hatred led to the creation of Mourning for Jiangnan,which is the natural revelation of his feelings.The creation of this work shows Kim Yuk’s wide knowledge and profound understanding of the historical facts of the Ming Dynasty.It can be regard as the Fu of history which records the rise and fall of the Ming Dynasty.When the Chinese classics and masterpieces spreading to the Korean Peninsula,they often gain different interpretations and new meanings after re-interpretation.The circulation of Yu Xin’s Mourning for Jiangnan and Kim Yuk’s creation of his version are conclusive proof.This phenomenon of cross-ethnic,cross-regional,cross-national,and crossgeneration literal and cultural transformation is worthy of detailed academic study.