制度背离:基于程序正义与实质正义关系的学理阐释

Institutions Deviation:A Theoretical Explanation Based on the Relationship between Procedural Justice and Substantive Justice

“制度背离”本质上是程序正义与实质正义相冲突的政治现象,具体指制度运行过程中发生与制度设定目标、制度基本功能、制度核心价值等相违背、相冲突、相偏离的现象。制度背离是一种“生活世界”普遍发生的政治现象。通过还原制度背离发生的现实环境和场景,并在制度结构系统中对其何以呈现、何以存在、何以发生等要素进行渐进分析,我们能够深入地厘清其发生、发展、变化过程中的外在形态和内在成因,解释和阐明制度背离现象所蕴含的深层意义,为寻求防范化解制度背离、调适优化制度程序提供参考借鉴。在推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的关键时期,制度背离现象尤其需要引起制度执行者、改革者的重视和反思,防止任由其负面影响泛滥,使好的制度走向反面。

“Institutions deviation”in essence is a political phenomenon that conflicts with procedural justice and substantive justice,specifically refers to the phenomenon that occurs in the process of institutions operation,which is contrary to,conflicts with,and deviates from the goals set by the institutions,the basic functions of the institutions and the core value of the institutions.“Institutions deviation”is a common political phenomenon in the“life world”.By restoring the realistic environment and scene of Institutions deviation,and gradually analyzing the factors of its presentation,existence and occurrence in the institutions structure system,we can deeply clarify the external forms and internal causes in the process of its occurrence,development and change,explain and clarify the deep meaning of the phenomenon of institutions deviation,so as to provide reference for preventing institutions deviation and adjusting Systematic procedure.In the critical period of promoting the modernization of national governance system and governance capacity,the phenomenon of institutions deviation needs to be paid attention to and reflected by the institutions executors and reformers,so as to prevent the abuse of negative factors and make the good institutions go to the opposite side.