治理主体行动逻辑的“四维分析框架”——兼论乡村治理中乡镇政府行动逻辑演变及趋向

Four-dimensional Analysis Framework of Action Logic of Governance Body,and Research on the Action Logic's Evolution and Trend of Township Government in the Rural Governance

现有治理理论提出各种治理模式,但未解决一个基础问题——治理主体行动的逻辑,即行动的原因机制或来源。这是现有治理理论难以有效解释现实治理中主体行动,不能真正解决现实问题的重要原因。统观多学科对于主体行动逻辑的研究,可以梳理为两组对立的逻辑,即个体性逻辑与系统性逻辑,一般性逻辑与情境性逻辑。这四种逻辑各有合理性,又各有局限性。对此,吉登斯、布迪厄等做出了弥合相互间对立的努力,但他们的论证基础却存在问题。本文基于马克思主义理论,提出治理主体行动逻辑的四维分析框架,试图统一两组对立的逻辑,创新并夯实治理的理论基础。同时,基于四维分析框架,分析改革开放以来乡村治理中乡镇政府行动逻辑演变及趋向,明确乡村振兴战略背景下乡镇政府在乡村治理中的行动选择。

Existing governance theories propose various governance models,and still have not solved a fundamental problem—the logic of the actions of the governance subject,which is the mechanism or source of the action.That is the reason why the existing governance theory cannot effectively explain the actions of the main body in the real governance,and cannot really solve the real problems.A multi-disciplinary study of subject action logic can be sorted into two sets of opposing action logics,namely individual logic and system logic,and general logic and situational logic.Each of these four logics has its own rationality and limitations.In this regard,Anthony Giddens,Pierre Bourdieu and others have made efforts to bridge each other's confrontation,but there are problems with their argument basis.Based on Marxist theory,this paper proposes a four-dimensional analysis framework for the action logic of governance subjects,attempts to unify the two sets of opposing logics,and innovates and solidifies the theoretical basis of governance.At the same time,based on the four-dimensional analysis framework,the paper analyzes the evolution and trend of the township government's action logic in the rural governance since the reform and opening-up,and clarifies the action choices of the contemporary township government in the rural governance under the background of the rural revitalization strategy.