不同强度极低频电磁场对大鼠和小鼠生殖和发育的影响

Effects of Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Fields on Reproductive System and Development of Mice

为了评估不同强度极低频电磁场对小动物生殖和发育的影响,分别以大鼠和小鼠为研究对象,采用自主设计的极低频电磁场暴露装置进行干预(每天20 h)。极低频电磁场干预强度分为4个等级,分别是0、30、100、500μT。干预过程中,对动物生殖和发育相关的各项指标进行了检测,包括性激素水平、生殖器官的生长发育、致孕能力和怀孕能力、妊娠期改变以及幼鼠的生长发育等。研究结果显示,与对照组(0μT)相比,不同强度的极低频电磁场(30、100、500μT)暴露不影响动物的性激素水平(雄激素、雌二醇、孕激素、卵泡刺激素和黄体生成素),同时对性腺器官(睾丸、附睾和卵巢)质量没有影响。通过对雄鼠、雌鼠分别进行暴露,观察到不同强度的极低频电磁场暴露对雄鼠的致孕能力、雌鼠的怀孕能力均没有影响。同时,研究结果显示,极低频电磁场暴露对孕鼠的生长及胚胎数没有影响。此外,与对照组相比,各组幼鼠生长发育的节点时间(皮毛生长、睁眼、出牙)没有统计学差异。综上,500μT以下极低频电磁场暴露对动物(大鼠和小鼠)的生殖和发育没有影响。

In order to evaluate the effects of different intensity of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields(ELF EMF)on the reproductive system and development in animals,rats and mice were used as objects respectively.Animals were treated with ELF EMF exposure devices(20 h per day),which was designed and constructed by ourselves.The intensity flux of ELF EMF was divided into four levels:0,30,100,and 500μT,respectively.During the intervention,several indicators related to animal reproduction and development were examined,including sex hormone levels,weight of gonadal organs,the ability of male mice to cause pregnancy in female mice,gestational ability of female mice,changes in pregnancy period,as well as growth and development of neonatal mice.Results showed that,compared with the control group(0μT),the ELF EMFs(30,100,500μT)showed no effect on the level of sex hormones(androgen,estradiol,progesterone,follicle-stimulating hormone,and luteinizing hormone),as well as the mass of gonadal organs(testis,epididymal,and ovary).Besides,it was observed that ELF EMFs(30,100,500μT)exposure in mice had no effect on the ability of male mice to cause pregnancy and the gestational ability of female rats,respectively.Meanwhile,results revealed that exposure to ELF EMFs showed no effect on the growth and embryo number of pregnant mice.In addition,compared with the control group,there was no statistically significant difference in the growth and development(time of fur growth,eye opening and tooth emergence)of the neonatal in ELF EMFs group.In conclusion,the reproductive system and development of animals(rats and mice)are not influenced by the exposure of ELF EMFs under 500μT.