山洪灾害分析评价预警雨量应用机制与实践

Application Mechanism and Practice of Mountain Torrent Disaster Analysis and Evaluation for Early Warning Rainfall

山洪灾害预警是山洪灾害防治的重要手段,现有遥测自动雨量站可为山洪灾害预警提供基础支撑。针对各沿河村落已有预警雨量而无法有效投入使用的问题,提出了按流域分区使沿河村落与雨量站进行一一对应,使用泰森多边形法确定了预警雨量站及雨量站预警关联机制,并将其应用于商城县化眉笼小流域中。结果表明,提取出沿河村落上游流域范围,并在该范围内搜索雨量站,将沿河村落与这些雨量站进行逻辑关系对应,在流域中使用泰森多边形法确定雨量站的预警关系,符合流域降雨在空间上的分布,能够解决目前预警雨量站空报、错报问题。

Mountain torrent disaster warning is an important means of mountain flood disaster prevention and control.The existing telemetry and automatic rainfall stations can provide basic support for early warning of mountain torrents.Aiming at the problem that the early warning rainfall in each riverside village cannot be effectively put into use,this paper proposes to make a one-to-one correspondence between the riverside villages and the rainfall stations according to the watershed division,and the Tyson polygon method is used to determine the early warning rainfall station and the rainfall station early warning correlation mechanism.An example analysis is conducted using the Huameilang small watershed in Shangcheng County.The results show that the basin range of the upstream of the villages along the river is extracted,and rainfall stations are searched within the range,and the villages along the river are logically corresponding to these rainfall stations;It is feasible to use the Tyson polygon method to determine the early warning relationship of rainfall stations in the watershed,which is consistent with the spatial distribution of rainfall in the watershed.It can solve the problems of error reporting,miss-reporting of the current early warning rainfall station.