基于三种湍流模型的竖缝式鱼道水力特性研究

Study on Hydraulic Characteristics of Vertical Slot Fishway Based on Three Turbulence Models

为研究不同湍流模型对竖缝式鱼道数值模拟的适用性和准确度,采用RNGκ-ε模型、大涡模拟(LES)模型及分离涡(DES)模型3种湍流模型对某竖缝式鱼道进行数值模拟,并对比分析了模拟的竖缝式鱼道流态特征、流速及湍动能等水力指标值与实测数据。结果表明,3种模型均可较为准确地解析鱼道池室流态特性,其中DES模型最能反映竖缝式鱼道的流态、流速分布;综合模拟成本后,RNGκ-ε模型在湍动能模拟方面较其他两个瞬时模型具有优势。因此,鱼道数值模拟在不追求较高精度流场特征的要求下,应优先选用RNGκ-ε模型。研究结果可为今后数值模拟在鱼道工程的应用提供参考。

In order to study the applicability and accuracy of different turbulence models for numerical simulation of vertical slot fishway,the RNGκ-εmodel,large eddy simulation(LES)model and detached eddy simulation(DES)model were used to simulate a vertical slot fishway.Meanwhile the hydraulic indexes(i.e.,flow characteristics,flow velocity,turbulent kinetic energy)achieved by the turbulent models were compared with the measured data.The results show that the DES model can reflect the best simulation effect on the flow pattern and velocity of the vertical slot fishway.Although the three kinds of turbulence model can greatly reflect the turbulent kinetic energy distribution of fishway,the RNGκ-εmodel should be used first after considering the time cost.This study can provide some references for the numerical simulation of fishway engineering in the future.