由动物遗存探讨凌家滩文化的史前生业

Discussion on the Prehistoric Profession of Lingjiatan Culture from Animal Remains

距今5600年~5300年的凌家滩文化在探索中华文明的形成过程中具有标志性地位。通过对凌家滩和韦岗遗址出土动物遗存进行动物考古学研究,有助于我们了解凌家滩文化时期中心聚落和一般聚落史前居民获取和利用动物资源的方式及异同。动物考古学研究结果表明:凌家滩遗址史前居民获取动物资源的方式包括对淡水贝类和鱼类资源所进行的渔捞方式、对鹿类以及食肉类动物所进行的狩猎方式、对猪和狗等家养动物所进行的家畜饲养方式等3个方面,对动物资源的利用方式主要体现在肉食来源和祭祀用牲等2个方面;韦岗遗址史前居民对动物资源的获取和利用方式大体与凌家滩遗址相同。

Lingjiatan Culture, which is dated from 5600 to 5300 years ago, played a signature role in the formation of Chinese civilization. Through the zooarchaelogical research on the animal remains from Lingjiatan and Weigang sites, it is helpful to understand the acquisition and utilization of animal resources in the central and the general set-tlements of Lingjiatan Culture. Lingjiatan site was a central settlement. Ancient people at this site shell-fished the freshwater shells and fishes, hunted wild animals which include cervidae and carnivorous, bred pig and dog as domes-tic animals. The animals were used as meat resource and sacrifice. The situation at Weigang, which was a general settlement, was almost similar to Lingjiatan site.