对氯苯胺、1,2-二氯乙烷、邻苯二甲酸丁苄酯和1-苯乙醇对两种海洋贝类急性毒性及其物种敏感度分布的研究

Acute toxicity and species sensitivity distribution of p-chloroaniline, 1,2-dichloroethane,butyl benzyl phthalate and 1-phenylethyl alcohol on two marine bivalves

本文研究了对氯苯胺、1,2-二氯乙烷、邻苯二甲酸丁苄酯和1-苯乙醇4种危险化学品对栉孔扇贝(Chlamys farreri)和菲律宾蛤仔(Ruditapes philippinarum)的急性毒性及其物种敏感度分布(SSD)。结果表明,对氯苯胺、1,2-二氯乙烷、邻苯二甲酸丁苄酯、1-苯乙醇对栉孔扇贝的96 h半致死浓度(LC50)值分别为36.18、>2070.00、123.16和180.89 mg/L,对菲律宾蛤仔的96 h-LC50值分别为122.61、>2070.00、>2010.00和639.31 mg/L,说明栉孔扇贝比菲律宾蛤仔对4种危险化学品更为敏感;利用物种敏感度分布模型分析邻苯二甲酸丁酯、对氯苯胺和1,2-二氯乙烷的短期毒性阈值分别为0.64、2.04和37.20 mg/L。研究结果可为海洋环境中4种危险化学品的生态风险评估与污染控制提供理论依据。

The acute toxicities and species sensitivity distributions(SSD) of four hazardous chemicals, pchloroaniline, 1,2-dichloroethane, butyl benzyl phthalate and 1-phenylethyl alcohol, on Chlamys farreri and Ruditapes philippinarum were investigated in the present study. The results showed that the 96 h lethal concentration 50%(LC50) values of p-chloroaniline, 1,2-dichloroethane, butylbenzyl phthalate and 1-phenylethanol to C. farreri were 36.18, >2070.00, 123.16 and 180.89 mg/L, meanwhile,96 h-LC50 values to R.philippinarum were 122.61, >2070.00, >2010.00 and 639.31 mg/L, respectively, C. farreri were more sensitive to four dangerous chemicals than R. philippinarum. Based on the SSD models, the short-term toxicity thresholds of butyl phthalate, p-chloroaniline and 1,2-dichloroethane were 0.64, 2.04 and 37.20 mg/L. The research would provide a theoretical basis for ecological risk assessment and pollution control of four hazardous chemicals in the marine environment.