公共卫生应急人员N95过滤式防护口罩适合性调查

Suitability survey on N95 filter masks for public health emergency personnel

【目的】评价公共卫生应急人员对常用N95防护口罩的适合性,比较适合性测试结果与佩戴气密性主观评价结果的一致性,指导公共卫生应急人员科学选用防护口罩。【方法】采用环境气溶胶冷凝核计数器法,对235名上海市市、区两级疾病预防控制中心公共卫生应急人员进行定量适合性测试;通过问卷法调查佩戴气密性主观评价,比较适合性测试结果与佩戴气密性主观评价结果的一致性。【结果】160人通过适合性测试,通过率为68.1%;通过各项测试动作佩戴气密性主观评价结果与适合性测试通过率的一致性比较,kappa值范围为-0.09~0.43,除测试动作5(大声说话)的kappa值>0.4,其他6个测试动作的kappa值均<0.4,测试动作8(正常呼吸)的kappa值和符合率均为最低,分别为0.09和49.7%。【结论】口罩佩戴气密性主观评价结果的准确性较差,无法反映真实防护效果,无法取代适合性测试。建议公共卫生应急人员以适合性测试结果为依据,正确选择和使用适合的呼吸防护产品,以保证高水平的呼吸防护效果。

[Objective]To assess the suitability of N95 masks for public health emergency personnel,and to compare the consistency between mask suitability test result and subjective evaluation of mask air tightness so as to guide scientific selection and use of protection masks for emergency personnel.[Methods]By ambient aerosol condensation nuclear counter method,qualitative suitability test was done among 235 public health emergency personnel from both municipal and district disease control centers.Questionnaires were conducted among them for investigation and comparison of their subjective evaluation of mask air tightness and mask suitability test results.[Results]Of the 235 subjects,160 passed the suitability test with the pass rate being 68.1%.With various wearing actions for the test,the subjective evaluation for mask air tightness was compared with suitability test pass rate in terms of consistence,the kappa value range being from-0.09 to 0.43.The kappa value of the action 5(loudly speaking)was above 0.4,while the kappa values of other 6 actions were all below 0.4.Both kappa value(0.09)and consistency rate(49.7%)were the lowest for action 8(normal breathing)among all test actions.[Conclusion]The accuracy of the subjective evaluation for air tightness of the mask proves to be poor,unable to reflect the true protective effect and unable to substitute the suitability test.It is advised that the public health personnel should rely on the suitability test results to correctly choose and use suitable respiratory protective products.