添加生物饲料对肉牛大理石纹相关基因表达的影响

Effect of adding a biological feed on the expression of marbling-related genes in beef cattle

为探究日粮中添加生物饲料对肉牛肉质的影响,将随机选择的年龄(28~29月龄)、体型相近的40头日本和牛×秦川牛杂交F1育肥阉牛,随机分为对照组和试验组,分别添加0%和8%的生物饲料;饲养期为5个月,每个月进行一次体重测定;饲养试验结束后,每组随机挑14头进行屠宰,测量12~13肋间眼肌面积,并对大理石纹进行评分;采用实时荧光定量PCR技术检测试验组和对照组背最长肌甲状腺球蛋白(TG)、过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体α(PPARα)和过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体β(PPARβ)基因的表达量。结果表明,试验组的眼肌面积大小和大理石纹评分极显著高于对照组(P<0.01);试验组牛TG和PPARα基因表达量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),PPARβ基因表达量高于对照组,但未达显著水平(P>0.05)。由此表明,日粮中添加活性干酪乳杆菌和酿酒酵母生物饲料可上调与动物脂肪代谢相关基因PPARα和与肉牛大理石花纹脂肪沉积相关基因TG的表达,促进肉牛肌内脂肪(IMF)沉积,提升牛肉大理石花纹等级。

This experiment was designed to investigate the effect of adding biological feed on beef quality.Selecting 40 F1 generation fattening cattle of Japanese black cattle and Qinchuan cattle with similar age(28-29 months old),randomly divided into control group and experimental group,adding 0%and 8%biological feed of feeding standards respectively.The feeding period was 5 months and the body weight was measured once a month.After feeding experiment,14 cattle were randomly selected from each group for slaughter.The longitudinal section area between 12-13 spinal vertebra of longissimus was measured and the marbling was scored.The technology real-time quantitative PCR was used to determine the expression of TG,PPARαand PPARβgene in the experimental group and the control group,and to analyze the molecular mechanism of the effect of feeding biological on the fat deposition of beef cattle.The results showed that the eye muscle area and marbling score were significantly higher than the control group(P<0.01);The expression levels of TG and PPARαin the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).The expression of PPARβgene was higher than that in the control group,but it was not significant(P>0.05).This indicates that the addition of active L.casei and Saccharomyces cerevisiae bio-feed to the diet can up-regulate the expression of gene PPARαrelated to animal fat metabolism and gene TG related to the fat deposition of beef cattle,promote the deposition of intramuscular fat(IMF)in beef cattle,and upgrade the grade of marbling in beef cattle.