冷战时期国民党当局琉球政策的执行及其困境——以国民党当局驻琉机构设置为中心

The Implementation of the Kuomintang Authorities'Ryukyu Policy and Its Dilemma during the Cold War:Centering on the Establishment of the Kuomintang Authorities in Ryukyu

二战结束后,国民党当局确定了“外宣托管,内行收复”的琉球政策。1949年,国民党当局败退台湾后,琉球问题已经不是其对外关系的重点,但其在琉球归属问题上始终秉持收复原则。为了密切与琉球的关系,扩大对琉球的影响力,国民党当局力图在琉球设立正式官方机构,以便在国际社会体现琉球独立自主的形象,利于琉球政策的推动。然而因为美国的刻意阻挠,国民党当局无法在琉球设立官方机构,只能以台湾省商业联合会以及“中信局”驻琉机构的名义,设立非官方的驻琉机构。此后,国民党当局曾讨论以“外交专员办事处”的形式设立驻琉机构,但迫于美、日等各方阻力,仍无法实现。冷战时期国民党当局驻琉机构设置的困难,是其琉球政策执行困境的直接反映。

After the end of the World War Ⅱ,the Kuomintang authorities'policy on Ryukyu was to"outwardly declare it trusteeship but inwardly resume their sovereignty"After they retreated to Taiwan in 1949,the Ryukyu issue was no longer the focus of their foreign relations,but their recovery principle of the Ryukyu Islands has stayed unchanged.In order to ce-ment a close relationship with Ryukyu and expand their influence,the Kuomintang authorities tried to establish a formal"consulate"in Ryukyu so as to embody the impression of its independence in international community,which would be beneficial to the promotion of their policy towards it.However,due to the US deliberate obstruction,the Kuomintang author-ities were unable to set up"consulate"in Ryukyu,but could only establish unofficial offices in the name of the Taiwan Federation of Commerce and the"CITIC Bureau".Since then,they have also discussed the establishment of an office in the form of the"Foreign Commissioner's Office",but unfortunately,met with the resistance of the United States and Japan and ended up in failure.In fact,the establishment of KMT"s setup in Ryukyu was a direct reflection of the dilemma in the im-plementation of their Ryukyu policy during the cold war.