响应型接驳公交系统基于关键点的动态路径优化

Dynamic route optimization based on key points for responsive feeder transit system

针对目前接驳公交系统动态路径优化研究缺失的问题,提出了一种在动态需求、动态行程时间下响应型接驳公交基于关键点的动态路径优化方法;以乘客需求点和路网节点为关键点,提出了基于关键点的动态路径更新规则和更新过程;以系统总运营成本最小为目标构建了同时接送模式、单车型多车辆的响应型接驳公交在关键点处的路径优化模型,并设计了求解该模型的遗传算法。研究结果表明:本研究的方法能有效地获取在动态需求、动态行程时间下响应型接驳公交的动态最优路径;在相同路网条件、相同乘客需求下,同时包含乘客需求点、路网节点的关键点构成方式更适应动态路网、更有利于节省出行成本,同时接送模式能有效地减少发车次数、减少总运行时间、提升座位平均利用率;关键点构成方式和运营模式对动态最优路径、运营效率均有显著的影响。

In view of the lack of research on dynamic route optimization for responsive feeder transit(RFT)system,a dynamic route optimization method based on key points under dynamic demand and dynamic travel time was proposed.Taking passenger demand points and nodes in road network as key points,the dynamic route update rules and update processes based on key points were proposed.A route optimization model at key points was constructed to minimize total operation cost for RFT with simultaneous pick-up and delivery,single type multi vehicle.At the same time,a genetic algorithm was designed to solve the model.The results show that the suggested method can effectively obtain the dynamic optimal route of RFT under dynamic demand and dynamic travel time.Under the same passenger demand and in the same road network,the composition mode of key points including demand points and road network nodes can better adapt to dynamic road network,also help to save travel cost.The operation mode with simultaneous pick-up and delivery can prominently reduce the number of departure and total travel time,and improve average seat utilization.Key point composition and operation mode have significant influence on dynamic optimal route and operation efficiency.