基于尘粒启动特性的新型吸尘装置流场数值模拟及试验

Flow field numerical simulation and experiment for a new type of dust suction apparatus based on dust start-up characteristics

根据铁路道床表面不同的吸污工况要求,针对原有产品吸污效率不高的问题,提出新型的吸尘装置结构,建立其物理及数学模型,对不同作业方式的尘粒启动机理进行研究;运用计算流体力学技术对不同参数条件下吸污效率进行仿真分析,并对吸污装置内部气流相和颗粒相进行仿真研究,对2种作业模式试验效果进行验证和对比。研究结果表明:吹吸作业模式适用于灰尘较少工况,吹扫吸作业模式则能满足能够满足污物较大且堆积较厚的工况,尤其适用于运煤专线线路煤粉的收集。

According to the requirements of different suction conditions on the surface of railway ballast bed,in view of the efficienoy deficiencies of the original product,a new structure of dust suction was proposed.The physical and mathematical models were established to study the start-up principle of dust particles in different operation modes,and the suction efficiency with different parameters was simulated and analyzed by using computational fluid dynamics technology.Subsequently,the airflow phase and particle phase in the suction apparatus were simulated.The experimental results of two operation modes were verified and compared.The results show that the blow-suction mode is suitable for the less dust conditions,while the blow-sweep-suction mode can satisfy the conditions of larger dirt and thicker accumulation,especially for the collection of pulverized coal in the special line for coal transportation.