2016-2018年北京市通州区PM2.5中16种多环芳烃污染特征

Pollution characteristics of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in atmospheric PM in Tongzhou of Beijing from 2016 to 2018

目的分析北京市通州区细颗粒物(PM2.5)中多环芳烃(PAHs)的污染特征和健康风险。方法 2016-2018年检测PM2.5中16种PAHs含量,用苯并[a]芘致癌等效浓度(BaP-TEQs)、人群终身致癌超额危险度(R)评估其经呼吸暴露产生的健康风险。结果∑16PAHs浓度范围为1.02~608.20 ng/m^3,均值为9.24 ng/m^3;4~6环为主,冬季最高、夏季最低,与PM2.5呈正相关。BaP-TEQs均值为1.28 ng/m^3,特征与PAHs一致;成人R和儿童R为0.41×10^-6和0.31×10^-6,冬季均>1×10^-6。结论 PAHs污染水平和健康风险有时间变化性,健康风险处于可接受范围,冬季风险增加。

Objective To investigate the pollution characteristics and assess the health risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) among fine particulate matter(PM2.5) in Tongzhou district.Methods The concentrations of sixteen PAHs were detected during 2016-2018.The health risk of PAHs exposure through repiratory were assessed by benzo [a]pyrene carcinogenic equivalent concentration(BaP-TEQs) and the average life-long carcinogenic risk(R).Results The total concentrations of 16 PAHs were 1.02-608.20 ng/m^3,and the average value was 9.24 ng/m^3;The distributions of PAHs were largely composed of 4-6 rings PAHs,and the highest is in winter,the lowest is in summer;Moreover,there was a positive correlation between PAHs and PM2.5.The average concentration of BaP-TEQs was 1.28 ng/m^3,and the variation features were similar to PAHs;R of adults and children were 0.41×10^-6 and 0.31×10^-6 respectively,but in winter>1×10^-6.Conclusions The pollution level and health risk of PAHs show temporal change,and the health risk of PAHs were within acceptable limits,however,it increased in winter.