长江安庆段一头死亡长江江豚元素含量分析

Analysis of elements of a dead Yangtze finless porpoise (Neophocaena asiaeorientalis asiaeorientalis) in Anqing section of Yangtze River

针对2017年9月12日发现于长江安庆段的1头野外死亡长江江豚样本(AQJT20170912),采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-OES)测定其脑、心脏、肝脏、肺、肾、胃、肠、睾丸、肌肉、皮肤10种组织器官中钾(K)、钙(Ca)、钠(Na)、镁(Mg)、钴(Co)、铁(Fe)、铜(Cu)、锌(Zn)、铅(Pb)、镉(Cd)、汞(Hg)、砷(As)共12种元素的含量,以期探究各元素在其组织器官中的累积特征。结果显示,该样本Fe、Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd、Hg在不同组织器官中表现出差异性累积特征,这与水生哺乳动物组织器官元素累积特征相似,在一定程度上反映出各元素在不同组织器官中特有的生理功能。对比分析发现,鲸类动物组织器官常量元素与微量元素的累积特征有一定规律,并不因环境条件的改变而呈显著差别,总体表现为Na>K>Ca>Fe>Mg>Zn>Cu>Co。此外,AQJT20170912各个组织器官中毒性元素Pb、As的含量均较高,这应与其栖息环境的元素背景有关,应予以关注。

In order to explore the accumulation characteristics of elements in tissues and organs including brain, heart, liver, lung, kidney, stomach, intestine, testicle, muscle and skin of a dead Yangtze finless porpoise(Neophocaena asiaeorientalis asiaeorientalis), which was found in AnQing section of Yangtze River on September 12, 2017, we investigated the concentration of 12 elements(K, Ca, Na, Mg, Co, Fe, Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Hg, As) by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer(ICP-OES).The results show that elements exhibit differential accumulation characteristics in different tissues and organs, which are similar to the accumulation characteristics in aquatic mammals. These cumulative features may be related to the specific functions of tissues and organs. The accumulation rule of the constant elements and trace elements in the cetacean is the same: Na> K> Ca> Fe> Mg> Zn> Cu> Co, and there is no significant difference due to the change of environmental conditions. Additionally, the content of toxic elements Pb and As in various tissues and organs of AQJT20170912 is relatively high, which may be related to the element background of the habitat environment and should be paid attention to.