非物质文化遗产“挠羊赛”的发展困境和传承路径——以传承人为视角

Development Dilemma and Inheritance Paths of the Intangible Cultural Heritage“Sheep-Carrying Wrestling”:from the Perspective of Inheritors

为了解国家级非物质文化遗产“挠羊赛”传承人现况,采用文献资料、实地调研和专家访谈等方法,对“挠羊赛”传承和发展现状进行了调查。结果发现:当前国家级非物质文化遗产“挠羊赛”传承价值认知严重缺失,传承模式单一;官方指定传承人年龄偏大,非官方指定传承人数量锐减,积极性不高,“挠羊”技艺传承发生断层,甚至无人问津,严重制约了“挠羊赛”可持续发展。建议加强顶层设计,建立三级传承人培养机制,完善相关赛制等发展路径,以期能对“挠羊赛”的可持续发展有所裨益。

This paper investigated the inheritance and status quo of“sheep-carrying wrestling”by means of literature review,field research and expert interview in order to understand the current situation of the inheritors of the national-level intangible cultural heritage“sheep-carrying wrestling”.The following problems can be found from the survey results.The awareness of inheritance value of“sheep-carrying wrestling”is seriously lacked.It just uses single inheritance model.The official designated inheritors are older and older,the number of unofficial designated inheritors has decreased sharply,and their enthusiasm is not high.There is a fault in the inheritance of“sheep-carrying wrestling”technique,and no one even asks for it.All of the problems seriously restrict the sustainable development of“sheep-carrying wrestling”.Based on the analysis of the causes of these problems,this paper puts forward some development paths,such as strengthening the top-level design,establishing the three-level inheritor training mechanism,and improving the relevant competition system,so as to benefit the sustainable development of“sheep-carrying wrestling”.