草垫类型对饲喂含枯草芽孢杆菌日粮的肉鸡免疫状态的影响

Effects of straw mat type on immune status of broilers fed diets containing bacillus subtilis

本研究旨在评估不同草垫类型及日粮添加枯草芽孢杆菌对肉鸡免疫状态的影响。试验采用3×2因子设计,即3种类型的草垫(新鲜、陈旧和腐败),2种日粮(添加或不添加枯草芽孢杆菌),将900只1日龄的肉鸡随机分为6组,每组5个重复,每个重复30只。各组肉鸡分别在不同类型的草垫上饲养,饲喂相同的含或不含枯草芽孢杆菌的日粮,试验共开展42 d。结果:在42 d时,使用腐败草垫的肉鸡血清艾美尔球虫特异性抗体水平较新鲜和陈旧草垫组分别提高了27.17%和51.95%(P<0.05),而陈旧草垫组较新鲜草垫组血清艾美尔球虫抗体水平降低16.30%(P<0.05),同时不同草垫类型添加枯草芽孢杆菌较不添加组艾美尔球虫抗体水平显著降低了17.14%(P<0.05)。草垫类型和枯草芽孢杆菌对42 d肉鸡血清艾美尔球虫特异性抗体水平的影响具有显著交互作用(P<0.05)。在14和28 d时,腐败草垫组较其他两组显著提高了血清产气荚膜梭菌α-毒素抗体水平,其中在14 d时分别提高了17.95%和31.43%(P<0.05),在42 d时分别提高了27.66%和22.45%(P<0.05)。与未饲喂枯草芽孢杆菌组的肉鸡相比,添加枯草芽孢杆菌可显著提高肠道IFN-γ基因表达水平(P<0.05)。新鲜草垫+枯草芽孢杆菌组较未添加枯草芽孢杆菌组显著降低了IFN-γ、IL-1β和CXCLi2基因表达水平(P<0.05),而腐败草垫+枯草芽孢杆菌组较未添加枯草芽孢杆菌组显著提高了IFN-γ、IL-1β和CXCLi2基因表达水平(P<0.05)。综上所述,添加枯草芽孢杆菌的日粮具有缓解病原菌感染和免疫调节的作用。

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of different straw mat types and dietary supplementation with bacillus subtilis on the immune status of broilers.Using a 3×2 factor design,i.e.,3 types of straw mats(fresh,stale,and putrid)and 2 diets(with or without bacillus subtilis),9001 d broiler chickens were randomly divided into 6 groups with 5 replicates and 30 replicates.Broilers in each group were raised on different types of straw mats and fed the same diet with or without bacillus subtilis.The experiment was carried out for 42 days.Results:in 42 d,use corruption mats of chicken serum Eimeria specific antibody level is fresh and old mats group increased by 27.17%and 51.95%respectively(P<0.05),while old mats from fresh mats group serum Eimeria antibody levels by 16.30%(P<0.05),at the same time,different types of mats add bacillus subtilis less add group of Eimeria antibodies were significantly reduced by 17.14%(P<0.05).There was significant interaction between the type of straw mat and bacillus subtilis on the level of Eimeria specific antibody in broiler serum on day 42(P<0.05).At day 14 and 28,the levels of serum Clostridium perfringens and-toxin antibody were significantly increased in the putrefied straw mat group compared with the other two groups,which were increased by 17.95%and 31.43%respectively at day 14(P<0.05),and by 27.66%and 22.45%respectively at day 42(P<0.05).Compared with broilers not fed bacillus subtilis,adding bacillus subtilis significantly increased the expression level of intestinal IFN-gene(P<0.05).The expression levels of IFN-,il-1 and CXCLi2 genes were significantly lower in the fresh straw mattress+bacillus subtilis group than in the unadded bacillus subtilis group(P<0.05),while the expression levels of IFN-,il-1 and CXCLi2 genes were significantly higher in the putrid straw mattress+bacillus subtilis group than in the unadded bacillus subtilis group(P<0.05).In summary,the diet supplemented with bacillus subtilis had the functions of alleviating pathogen infection and immune regulation.