半喂入联合收割机双速回转脱分装置设计与性能试验

Design and performance experiments of new threshing and separating device for head-feeding combine harvester

为解决传统半喂入联合收割机收获超级杂交稻时,存在脱不净、夹带损失与籽粒破碎损失之间矛盾,设计了半喂入联合收割机双速回转脱粒分离装置,该装置主要由同轴双速脱粒滚筒和回转式凹板筛构成,阐述双速回转脱分装置结构及工作原理。以低/高速滚筒转速、回转凹板筛线速度、夹持链速度为试验因素,籽粒损失率、破碎率和含杂率为性能指标,进行三因素二次回归正交旋转组合设计试验,运用Design-Expert 6.0.10软件对试验结果进行分析,建立该脱分装置性能指标数学模型,优化确定最佳工作参数组合,并进行双速回转脱分装置与传统单速脱分装置对比试验。结果表明,双速回转脱分装置低/高速滚筒转速为505/680 r/min、回转凹板筛线速度为1.00 m/s和夹持链速度为1.26 m/s时,籽粒损失率、破碎率和含杂率分别为1.94%、0.21%和0.56%,性能指标优于传统单速脱分装置。本研究可为半喂入联合收割机新型脱分装置的设计提供理论依据。

In order to solve the problem of high un-threshed loss rate,threshing cylinder being jammed and low working efficiency in the harvest of super hybrid rice by the head-feeding combine harvester,a novel device,the head-feeding double-speed threshing cylinder and rotary grate concave,was designed.It was described the structure and working principle,and constructed the grain stress and movement model of the double-speed rotary threshing and separating device.Taking double-speed threshing cylinder speed,rotary grate concave linear speed and clamping chain linear speed as test factors and grain loss rate,broken rate and impurities rate as performance indexes,adopting three-factor quadratic regression orthogonal rotating combination to design test,using the Design-Expert 6.0.10 software to analyze the test results,then the performance comparison test of two separation devices was conducted.The results showed that the double-speed cylinder of the threshing-separating device with rotary double-speed rotation speed was 505/680 r/min,the rotary grate concave linear velocity was 1.00 m/s and clamping chain linear velocity was 1.26 m/s,the threshing loss rate,the broken rate and the impurities rate were 1.94%,0.21%and 0.56%respectively,the performance index was superior to national standards.This study can provide the theoretical basis for the design of the novel threshing and separating device of the head-feeding harvester for high yield super hybrid rice.