内河非溶解性危险化学品泄漏扩散过程影响因素

Influential factors of leakage and diffusion process of insoluble hazardous chemicals in inland rivers

针对内河中非挥发性危险化学品(危化品)运输船舶的泄漏扩散问题,建立了一种通用数值模拟方法,研究了内河非溶解性危化品泄漏扩散过程的影响因素。结果表明:危化品的密度和黏度对内河危化品泄漏扩散过程的影响相对较小,而水流速率和危化品泄漏速率对危化品泄漏扩散过程的影响较大;水流速率对危化品泄漏扩散过程的影响主要表现在泄漏扩散范围(尤其是泄漏区域长度)方面,而危化品泄漏速率的影响主要表现在泄漏区域宽度、微团数量以及最大微团面积方面。建议应针对丰水期危化品大泄漏量的情况展开监管,并将其作为内河危化品泄漏应急工作的重点。

Aiming at the problem of leakage and diffusion of non-volatile hazardous chemicals in inland rivers,a general numerical simulation method was established to study the influential factors of the leakage and diffusion processes.The results show that:the effects of the density and viscosity of hazardous chemicals are relatively small,while those of the flow rate of water and the leakage rate of hazardous chemicals are greater;The effect of water flow rate on leakage and diffusion process of hazardous chemicals is mainly reflected in the leakage diffusion range(especially the length of the leakage area),while the influence of the leakage rate of hazardous chemicals is mainly reflected in the width of the leakage area,the number of micelles and the largest micelle area.It is suggested that the situation of large leakage of hazardous chemicals during the flood season should be monitored and taken as the focus of emergency work for inland river hazardous chemicals leakage.