复合式训练影响青少年下肢爆发力的meta分析

Meta-analysis of Complex Training on Lower Limb Power of Adolescent

目的运用元分析的方法检验复合式训练对青少年下肢爆发力影响的干预效果,检验并提出最优的运动干预方案。方法运用STATA 15.1和Review Manager 5.3对纳入的10篇文献和301名被试者通过设置抗阻类型、抗阻强度、间歇时间、训练频率和训练周期等5个调节变量进行亚组分析,采用固定效应模型进行整体效应、异质性、发表偏倚性检验。结果(1)复合式训练对跳跃类运动表现的影响效应量d0.36,对短跑类运动表现的影响效应量d-0.51,两者达到中等效应且具有统计学意义;(2)本研究纳入的10篇文献异质性较低,间歇时间、训练频率和训练周期的对跳跃类和短跑类运动表现影响的效应量有一定差别。结论(1)复合式训练能够显著提升青少年跳跃类和短跑类运动表现;(2)抗阻训练选择等张收缩、强度70%1RM以下、小于3分钟的间歇时间、在4~8周内选择每周1-2次的复合式训练能够对青少年运动表现有较好的提升;(3)围绕青少年人群开展的复合式训练较为缺乏,后续研究应加强理论与实践研究。

The objectives of this study was to use meta-analysis to evaluate complex training on adolescent lower limbs power and put forward the optimal intervention plan.STATA 15.1 and Review Manager 5.3 were used for 10 papers and 301 subjects in testing resistance type,intensity,interval,training frequency.A fixed effect model was applied to measure the overall effect,heterogeneity and publication bias test.It was shown that:(1)The effect of complex training on jumping performance was 0.36,and effect of sprinting performance was-0.51,which reached moderate effect and had statistical significance.The heterogeneity of 10 papers included in this study was low,and there were some differences in effects of interval training,frequency and training cycle on jumping and sprinting performance.It could be concluded that:(1)Complex training significantly improved the performance of jumping and sprinting in adolescents;(2)Selecting isotonic contraction,intensity less than 70%1RM of intensity,less than 3 minutes of interval time,1-2 times a week of within 4-8 weeks of complex training could effectively improve the adolescent performance;(3)There was a lack of complex training around adolescent,which needed to be strengthened in the future researches.