红外相机监测方法在陕西长青国家级自然保护区的应用

Application of Infrared Camera Monitoring in Shaanxi Changqing National Nature Reserve

2008年3—12月,作者以网格法(500 m×500 m)在陕西长青国家级自然保护区核心区内布设红外相机,对区内分布的陆生野生动物的种类和空间分布状况进行了监测。结果记录到野生动物25种,其中兽类11科18种,包括国家Ⅰ级重点保护动物大熊猫(Ailuropoda melanoleuca)、金钱豹(Panthera pardus)、川金丝猴(Rhinopithecus roxellana)和秦岭羚牛(Budorcas bedfordi);鸟类4科7种,主要包括地面活动的种类如:血雉(Ithaginis cruentus)、红腹锦鸡(Chrysolophus pictus)、勺鸡(Pucrasia macrolopha)和红腹角雉(Tragopan temminckii)。此外鹰雕(Nisaetus nipalensis)为保护区鸟类新记录。红外触发相机陷阱调查技术作为一种无损伤性调查方法在国内外野生动物调查中的应用越来越广泛,在一定程度上弥补了传统监测方法的不足。本文利用陕西长青国家级保护区核心区大熊猫及其伴生物种的红外相机监测数据探讨其在野生动物研究中的管理和应用。

From March to December 2008,we used infrared cameras installed in a grid pattern(0.5×0.5 km)to monitor terrestrial species and their distributions in the core area of Changqing National Nature Reserve,Shaanxi Province,China.In total,25 species were recorded.Eighteen species of mammals represented 11 families,including first-grade national protected species such as giant panda(Ailuropoda melanoleuca),North-Chinese leopard(Panthera pardus),golden snub-nosed monkey(Rhinopithecus roxellana)and golden takin(Budorcas bedfordi).We photograhed 7 species of birds of 4 families,mainly terrestrial birds including blood pheasant(Ithaginis cruentus),golden pheasant(Chrysolophus pictus),koklass pheasant(Pucrasia macrolopha)and Temminck's tragopan(Tragopan temminckii).We also photographed Mountain hawk eagle(Nisaetus nipalensis),a new bird species record for the nature reserve.As a non-invasive method,the infrared camera is more and more widely used in wildlife investigation at home and abroad,which makes up for the shortcomings of traditional monitoring methods to a certain extent.Based on the infrared camera monitoring data for giant panda and associated species in the nature reserve core area,we discuss the implications for future research and management.