论以客观归责理论对律师中立的帮助行为进行可罚性判断

On Judging the Penalizability of Lawyer's Neutral Helpful Action with the Objective Imputation Theory

中立的帮助行为在外在形式上呈现一般日常社会活动的表象,内在实质上对正犯的犯罪行为有客观上的加功行为。由于律师的职业特殊性,律师执业行为也有可能被利用而成为对犯罪的帮助行为。对于中立帮助行为我国的刑法理论中对此类行为都是与普通的帮助犯一样处罚,并未限制其处罚范围。但是,中立的帮助行为的“日常属性”决定其是社会经济生活的重要组成部分,若不合理限制其处罚范围则容易造成行业发展的萎缩,对此可以用客观归责理论的规范性判断来限制律师中立帮助行为的可罚范围。

Neutral helpful action is a sort of conduct which objectively contributes to the principal's offense in essence but its external manifestation presents as general public activities.Because of the particularity of lawyer's work,some of those work may be utilized by offenders to contribute to their offense.In Chinese criminal law theory,most of actors of neutral helpful action are treated as accessory offender without limitation.While neutral helpful actions are a important part of daily business for its"daily life attribute",if we impose the criminal liability on it without any limitation,that will easily cause shrinking in some professions and therefore objective imputation theory can normalize the judgments of penalties to neutral helpful actions.