瑞丽傣语句末陈述语气词研究

A Study of Sentence-end Modal Particles in Ruili Dai

傣语作为形态缺乏的分析性语言,语气词是表达语气的一种重要的分析性手段。基于一手的田野调查材料,使用描写语言学的理论与方法,从语义、句法和功能三个方面对云南德宏州瑞丽市勐卯镇傣语的句末陈述语气词进行共时描写和分析。语义上,瑞丽傣语中句末陈述语气词可分为表示肯定和强调两类;句法上,句末陈述语气词之间可连用外,还可与祈使语气词、敬语语气词和疑问语气词等连用,表达更丰富的语气;功能上,瑞丽傣语的句末陈述语气词具有标记、完句和表达功能。瑞丽傣语陈述语气词的描写研究对傣语语气词系统的研究具有一定的参考价值。

Dai language is an analytical language lacking morphology.Mood is mainly expressed by modal particles.Based on the first-hand fieldwork materials,using the theory and method of descriptive linguistics to make a synchronic description and analysis of the sentence-end declarative modal particle system of a Dai language in Mengmao Town,Ruili City,Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture from three perspectives:semantics,syntax and function.Semantically,two types of sentence-end declarative modal particles are found in Ruili Dai language,including affirmation and emphasis;syntactically.These particles areused in combination with honorific modal particles,imperative modal particles and interrogative modal particles to express more complicated mood.In terms of thefunction,the sentence-endmodal particles in Ruili Dai language have the functions of marking,completing sentences and expressing meanings.The description of the modal particles in Ruili Dai language has a significant reference value for the study of the modal particle system in Dai languages.