2015—2019年佛山市高明区登革热抗体阳性流行病学特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of positive dengue antibody tests in Gaoming District of Foshan City,2015-2019

目的分析佛山市高明区500例疑似登革热病例的血清学检测结果和登革热流行情况,为本地区的防控提供参考依据。方法选择2015年1月至2019年12月佛山市高明区各级医院500例诊断为疑似登革热病例的血清样本为研究对象。采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测其IgM抗体水平,分析登革热抗体阳性检测结果以及不同月份、不同地区、不同年龄段登革热抗体阳性率情况。结果500例疑似登革热检材中登革热抗体阳性率21.80%;其中7~11月份中10月份阳性率最高,且2018年的阳性检出率(36.73%)也明显高于其他年份;杨和镇的阳性检出率显著高于民城镇和更合镇;21~30、31~40和41~50岁三个年龄段的人群阳性检出率高于其他年龄段,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论从登革热抗体阳性的流行病学特征来看,登革热主要发生在夏秋季节,10月份为登革热发病高峰,中青年人更易感染,可针对此情况进行预防。

Objective To analyze the serological test results of 500 suspected cases of dengue fever and the epidemic situation of dengue fever in Gaoming District of Foshan City,and to provide a reference for the prevention and control of dengue fever in this area.Methods From January 2015 to December 2019,500 serum samples of suspected dengue fever cases in various hospitals in Gaoming District of Foshan City were selected for this study.The level of IgM antibody was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),and the positive rate of dengue antibody in different months,regions and ages was analyzed.Results The positive rate of dengue antibody in 500 suspected samples was 21.80%,and the positive detection rate in 2018(36.73%)was significantly higher than that in other years;the positive detection rate of Yanghe town was significantly higher than that of Mincheng town and Genghe town;the positive detection rate of people aged 21-30,31-40 and 41-50 years old was higher than that of other age groups,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion According to the epidemiological characteristics of dengue antibody positive,dengue fever mainly occurred in summer and autumn,with the incidence peak in October.Young and middle-aged people are more susceptible to infection,which provides a clue for targeted prevention and control of dengue fever.