商服型地铁站域可步行性评价研究——以大连为例

Research on Walkability Evaluation of Commercial Service Metro Station Area:Taking Dalian as an Example

地铁线路联系着城市内部的各大商业区,促进商业服务设施向站点附近聚集。而站点与步行行为紧密相连,提高站域可步行性对地铁使用者的日常出行和生活品质的改善有着重要的意义。针对商服型地铁站域内设施功能复杂、人口流动频繁的特点,从表征功能、内部结构与环境两个层面对站域可步行性进行研究。在表征功能层面下,采用可步行性评价方法中研究和应用最为广泛的步行指数来进行评价;在内部结构与环境层面下,则是将步行网络属性和行人感知评价的指标进行量化。在此基础上,选取大连市典型的商服型地铁站域内步行空间为研究对象,通过结合两个层面的评价方法来探寻对站域可步行性的强作用性影响要素,并针对性地提出优化措施。

With the increasing traffic pressure in cities and the escalation of people's concern for health and low carbon,people gradually adopt rail transit as the main trip mode which can effectively ease the traffic pressure and reduce the environmental pollution.The rail transit station is closely connected with the walking and the walkability around the station directly inf luences people's quality of life and their intuitive feeling about the environment.The commercial service area is at the transportation hub of the city,occupying a central position in the city with complex facility function and frequent population mobility.People often reach to the area by subway and walking,so the walkability near the station is of great significance to the development of rail transit and commercial service area.Now,most of the researches on walkability and its evaluation at home and abroad focus on the communities,streets,etc.with relatively single functional structure and neglect the commercial service metro area which is very important to the city to a great extent,research methods are one-sided and there is no metro station area walkability evaluation system which combines macroscopic evaluation,objective quantification,representation and interior,data and subject perception.The walk score is an evaluation method widely used for measuring the walkability of cities in the world which is aimed at objective quantitative evaluation of the area as a whole.As per the evaluation model established in this paper,the study on the internal structure and environmental factors influencing the walkability of commercial service metro station area is added on the basis of walk score in the aspect of representation function.The evaluation method at two levels conforms to the actual situation of the station area more and can realize comprehensive and systematical evaluation of the walkability of station area to deduce the factors strongly influencing the walkability of station area.Firstly,this paper introduces the research background and research status at home and abroad and sums up the evaluation method for the walkability of commercial service metro station area by analyzing and sorting out evaluation methods of walkability based on the characteristics of commercial service subway stations which cover two evaluation aspects-index score in the aspect of representation function as well as internal structure and environment impact factors;secondly,this paper constructs the walkability evaluation model with two evaluation aspects as well as selects three typical commercial subway stations in Dalian,takes the pedestrian space within the station area as the research object,knows its current situation by field investigation and research and carries out walkability evaluation at two levels;thirdly,this paper performs correlation analysis on walk score and influence factors at two levels,explores the factors strongly affecting the walkability of station area to analyze the walkability problems of commercial service metro station area in Dalian and puts forward the optimization strategy pursuant to the corresponding strong influence factors to effectively enhance the walkability within the commercial service metro station area and further promote the walkability and sustainable development of the city.