江西省生态保护红线保护成效评估研究

Study on the Evaluation of the Effect of Ecological Protection Red Line in Jiangxi Province

2020年全国生态保护红线即将全面划定,重点任务由“划”转为“监管”。根据生态保护红线“生态功能不降低、面积不减少、性质不改变”的总体要求,如何有效评估生态保护红线的保护成效显得尤为重要。面积角度,生态保护红线保护面积不能减少,覆盖格局不能发生变化;质量角度,生态保护红线的服务功能不能降低;性质角度,生态保护红线的保护生态系统类型不能发生变化。研究针对这3个方面保护成效分别进行分析和评估,为生态保护红线划定、校核调整和政策制定及后期监管提供依据。采用2018年江西省印发的生态保护红线成果进行本底评估。结果表明,江西省生态保护红线以林地、草地和湿地为主,3类用地面积占生态保护红线总面积的比例为96.48%,覆盖了全省生态服务功能极重要区的86.73%,全省自然保护地范围的98.80%,水源涵养能力、生物多样性维护能力和水土保持能力分别为全省均值的1.85倍、1.49倍和1.70倍,能有效维护全省的生物多样性功能、水源涵养功能和土壤保持功能,总体上可以保障江西省生态系统安全。

With the delineation of the national ecological protection red line in 2020,the key task has changed from"delineation"to"supervision".According to the overall requirements of the protection of ecological protection red line that"the area does not decrease,the quality does not decrease,and the nature does not change",how to effectively evaluate the protection effectiveness of the ecological protection red line is particularly important.From the point of view of area,the area of ecological protection red line cannot be reduced,and the coverage pattern should not be changed,as for quality,the service function of ecological protection red line should not be reduced,and for the nature of land use,the type of ecosystem of the red line should not be changed.The study analyzes and evaluates the effectiveness of protection in these three aspects,so as to provide a basis for ecological protection red line delineation,verification,adjustment,policy formulation and management.The background evaluation was carried out by using the ecological protection red line results issued by Jiangxi Province in 2018,the results show that the land use types of ecological protection red line is mainly woodland,grassland and wetlands,and the area of the three types of land accounts for 96.48%of the total area,it covers the important ecological pattern of the whole province of 86.73%,98.80%of the nature reserve area of the province,the capacity of water conservation,biodiversity conservation and soil and water conservation are 1.85 times,1.49 times and 1.70 times of the average value of the province.It can effectively maintain the biodiversity function,water conservation function and soil conservation function of the whole province,and can ensure the ecosystem security of Jiangxi Province as a whole.