本科护生宫颈癌疫苗认知及接种态度质性研究

Qualitative study on cognition of cervical cancer vaccine and attitude to vaccination in undergraduate nursing students

目的了解本科护生对宫颈癌疫苗认知及接种态度,为宫颈癌疾病的预防和健康教育提供参考,为大学生接种HPV疫苗的推广提供科学依据。方法2019年5—6月通过目的性选样选取正在山东省某医院实习的10名本科护生进行宫颈癌疫苗认知及接种态度的开放式半结构访谈,采用Colaizza分析法对访谈内容进行整理与分析。结果本研究总结出本科护生在宫颈癌疫苗认知上的3个主题:宫颈癌疫苗知晓率高,认知程度低;接种态度不积极,影响因素多;专业支持不足。结论本科护生对宫颈癌疫苗认知程度低,对疫苗接种大多持观望态度,但同时表现出学习宫颈癌疫苗知识的积极性。提示社会方面应加强疫苗推广,政府方面可制定相应政策,学校方面应加强专业支持力度,以提高宫颈癌疫苗认知程度和接种率。

Objective To understand undergraduate nursing students'cognition and vaccination attitudes towards cervical cancer vaccines,provide references for cervical cancer prevention and health education,and provide scientific basis for the promotion of HPV vaccination for college students.Methods From May to June 2019,10 undergraduate nursing students who were intern in a hospital in Shandong Province were selected to conduct open semi-structured interviews on cervical cancer vaccine cognition and vaccination attitudes through purposeful sample selection.Colaizza analysis method was used to conduct interviews.Sort out and analyze.Results This study summarized three themes of undergraduate nursing students'awareness of cervical cancer vaccines:high awareness of cervical cancer vaccines and low awareness;poor vaccination attitudes and many influencing factors;insufficient professional support.Conclusion Undergraduate nursing students have low awareness of cervical cancer vaccines,and most of them hold a wait-and-see attitude towards vaccination,but at the same time show the enthusiasm of learning cervical cancer vaccine knowledge.It is suggested that the society should strengthen the promotion of vaccines,the government can formulate corresponding policies,and the schools should strengthen professional support to improve the awareness and coverage of cervical cancer vaccines.