自制气管保护罩对气管切开患者拔管时间、并发症的影响

Effect of self-made tracheal protective cover on extubation time and complications of patients undergoing tracheotomy

目的探讨自制气管保护罩对气管切开患者拔管时间、并发症的影响。方法选取2017年9月至2018年9月在我院行气管切开患者86例,随机等分成对照组和观察组,对照组行人工鼻气道护理,观察组使用自制气管保护罩护理;观察患者气管切开1周内肺部感染、相关并发症和护理工作量情况,记录患者拔管时间。结果观察组气管切开1周内发生肺部感染、刺激性咳嗽、低氧血症和呼吸道出血情况均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者拔管时间低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者更换敷料及常规吸痰次数均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论自制气管保护罩可有效预防并降低气管切开患者肺部感染和相关并发症,缩短拔管时间,促进患者康复。

Objective To explore the effect of self-made tracheal protective cover on extubation time and complications of patients undergoing tracheotomy.Methods To select 86 cases of patients who underwent tracheotomy in our hospital from September 2017 to September 2018 was set as the study subject,and they were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group.The control group received artificial nasal airway care,and the observation group used a self-made tracheal protective cover to nurse.The pulmonary infection,related complications and nursing workload within 1 week of tracheotomy,and the time of extubation of the patients in the observation group were recorded.Results The incidence of pulmonary infection,irritating cough,hypoxemia and respiratory tract bleeding within 1 week of tracheotomy in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The time of extubation in the observation group was lower than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The number of dressing changes and frequency of routine sputum suction in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The application of the self-made tracheal protective cover can effectively prevent and reduce pulmonary infection and related complications in patients undergoing tracheotomy,shorten the time of extubation,and promote the recovery of patients.