新疆地区毡制品的演变

Evolution of felt products in Xinjiang

文章基于多年田野调查及考古证据等资料,根据传统花毡的制作方法,将其分为嵌花毡、擀花毡、绣花毡、补花毡、印花毡与彩绘花毡,归纳了毡衣、毡帽、毡靴等传统毡制品的特点,以及现代毡制品的发展。研究结果显示:新疆传统毡制品已经与现代工业融合,用质地轻薄、呢面细腻、可机绣的工业毡开发的毡衣、毡帽、毡靴已经成为21世纪新疆少数民族服饰文化的新宠,用现代工业毡结合传统手工毡开发的花毡既保持了传统花毡防潮保暖的功效,又以不掉色、质地轻薄细腻、产品经久耐用,且生产效率大幅提升等特性深受牧区人们的喜爱。

Based on many years of field investigation and archaeological evidence,according to the traditional pattern felt production methods,it is divided into applique felt,rolling felt,embroidered felt,applique felt,printed felt and painted felt.This paper summarizes the characteristics of traditional felt products such as felt coat,felt hat and felt boots,and the development of modern felt products.The results show that traditional felt products in Xinjiang have been integrated with modern industry.The felt coats,felt hats and felt boots developed by machine-embroidered industrial felt with thin texture and delicate surface have become the new favorite of dress culture of ethnic minority in Xinjiang in the 21 st century.The pattern felt developed by the combination of modern industrial felt and traditional manual felt keeps the dampproof and thermal functions of traditional felt.Besides,it has the characteristics of no fading,thin and delicate texture,durability,and improved production efficiency.Hence,it is deeply favored by people in the pastoral area.