早熟陆地棉与转Bt基因棉的配合力和杂种优势分析

Analysis on the Combining Ability and Heterosis of Early Maturing Upland Cotton and Transgenic Bt Cotton

新疆是我国最大的优质棉产区,转Bt抗虫棉能有效控制棉铃虫的蔓延和发生。为快速有效的培育出适应新疆的优质抗虫棉,利用6个当地早熟棉品种(系)和5个抗虫棉品种(系),按照不完全双列杂交(NCII)设计配制30个杂交组合,分析了亲本的配合力和杂交组合的杂种优势。结果表明:亲本一般配合力较好的亲本为B2、B4、A4、A6,特殊配合力较好的组合是A1×B4、A2×B1、A3×B1、A4×B3、A5×B2、A6×B3;多数农艺性状杂种优势明显,其中始果枝位高度正向优势明显;在品质性状中除马克隆值为负向优势外,其余都为正向优势。研究结果表明,可以通过杂种优势选择来解决新疆机采棉始果枝着生位的高度较低和新疆棉花马克隆值等级不高等问题。

Xinjiang is the largest high-quality cotton production region in China.Transgenic Bt cotton can effectively control the spread and occurrence of bollworm.In order to breed new transgenic insectresistant cotton varieties adapted to Xinjiang rapidly and effectively,this study used 6 local early maturing cotton varieties(lines)and 5 transgenic Bt cotton varieties(lines),made 30 hybrid combinations according to incomplete diallel cross(NCII)design,analyzed the combining ability of parents and heterosis of hybrid combinations.The results showed that the parents with good general combining ability were B2,B4,A4 and A6.The better combination of special combining ability is:A1×B4,A2×B1,A3×B1,A4×B3,A5×B2,A6×B3.The heterosis of most agronomic traits was obvious,among the height of first branch was significant positive advantage.The quality traits were all positive heterosis,except for the micronaire.The results lay a theoretical foundation for breeding high quality insect-resistant cotton for Xinjiang.The selection of heterosis can be used to solve the problems of low height of first branch and low grade value of micronaire in xinjiang cotton.