论伯瑞奥德的关系美学与变现代主义

On the relational aesthetics and altermodernism of Bourriaud

伯瑞奥德作为法国当代知名的艺术理论家和策展人,他把当代美学理论同急遽变化了的艺术实践相结合,提出了“关系美学”和变现代主义艺术理论。在当代艺术领域及社会生活中,构成关系的诸要素之间发生了剧烈变化,因此关系美学注重建构关系思维,把注意力放在重建人类的审美关系上,注重艺术与其他领域的关系;在艺术展览中让艺术家和受众建立新的动态的关系;在团体中建构身体的维度,接续了尼采美学的精髓。艺术产生机制导致艺术模仿了虚拟世界或其他艺术。同时,运用新科技、新媒体造就新的艺术形式。与关系美学息息相关,变现代主义建基于“变”,这种“变”就是文化游牧、寻找中位、拒绝脱钩等全球化倾向,并重申道德和历史维度的价值。旅行和讲故事再度成为这个时代的审美风尚。东方特别是中国传统文化艺术正是从“变”(《易经》之“易”)中历经波折发展而来的,在当代也正好呼应和参与这一变现代趋向。这一切都有助于打破狭隘民族主义、民粹主义喧嚣,共建和谐的人类家园。

As a famous art theorist and curator in contemporary France,Bourriaud combined the contemporary aesthetic theory with the rapidly changing artistic practice and put forward the theory of relational aesthetics and the theory of altermodernism.In the field of contemporary art and social life,the elements that constitute the relationship have undergone drastic changes.Therefore,relational aesthetics pays attention to the construction of relational thinking,the reconstruction of human aesthetic relations,and the relationship between art and other fields.New and dynamic relationships between artists and audience tend to be created in art exhibitions;By the construction of the body dimension in the community,the essence of Nietzsche’s aesthetics has been continued.The mechanism by which art is produced causes art to imitate virtual worlds or other arts.At the same time,new forms of arts have been created by the use of new technology and new media.Closely related to the aesthetics of relationships,altermodernism is based on“alter/other+different”,which indicates the tendency of globalization such as cultural nomadism,search for the median position and rejection of decoupling,and reasserts the value of moral and historical dimensions.Travel and storytelling are once again the fashion of the time.Oriental culture and art,especially traditional Chinese culture and art,developed from“change”(“Yi”/“Changes”in The Book of Changes)through twists and turns.It also echoes and participates in this modern trend of change in contemporary times.All these contribute to breaking through the uproar of narrow nationalism and populism and building a harmonious human home.