金砖五国人类发展水平的历史演进及影响因素

Historical Evolution and Influencing Factors of HumanDevelopment Level in the BRICS

金砖五国1990-2017年尤其是2000年后人类发展取得了明显进步,中国各指标增幅明显较大。采用可行性广义最小二乘法对金砖五国1996-2017年人类发展影响因素的实证研究表明,发挥显著正向作用的是经济发展水平、平均受教育年限、预期寿命和物质资本,发挥显著负向作用的是外商投资净流入。中国占有明显优势的指标是经济发展水平、平均受教育年限、物质资本等,但外商投资净流入增幅为负等需要引起重视。研究结论对中国的启示有加大人力资本投资力度、优化国内外产业链的战略布局、合理控制外资利用规模和优化配置使用领域、推进技术创新和提升制度质量等。

The development of humanity in the BRICS countries from 1990 to 2017,especially after 2000,has made significant progress,and the growth of China's various indicators is significantly larger.The empirical study using the feasibility-based generalized least squares method on the factors affecting the human development of the BRICS countries from 1996 to 2017 shows that the significant positive effects are the level of economic development,the average years of education,life expectancy and material capital,which play a significant negative role.What is working is the net inflow of foreign investment.China's indicators of obvious advantages are economic development level,average years of education,and material capital.However,the net increase in foreign investment inflows needs to be paid attention to.The conclusions of the study have enlightened China's efforts to increase human capital investment,optimize the strategic layout of domestic and international industrial chains,rationally control the scale of foreign capital utilization,optimize the use of configuration,promote technological innovation and improve the quality of the system.