当代小说文本中动词体的言者主观性——以《生死疲劳》为例

Subjectivity of Aspects in Contemporary Chinese Novels——Taking"Life and Death Are Wearing Me Out"as an Example

动词体一直是汉语语法研究的热门话题。文章以莫言长篇小说《生死疲劳》中的话语为分析对象,基于Li&Thompson(1981)描写的汉语体系统理论框架,使用话语分析方法探讨了该小说中动词体的言者主观性。研究表明完成体、经历体体现了说话人“现在”的主观视角;持续体体现了说话人从“现在”观察事件内部的主观视角;有限体不仅体现说话人“现在”的主观视角,而且还带有言者的主观情感。

Aspect has always been a hot topic in Chinese grammar research.Taking the discourse of Mo Yan's novel"Life and Death Are Wearing Me Out"as the analysis object,the article explored the subjectivity of the aspects with discourse analysis method under the aspect framework by Li&Thompson(1981).It is found that the perfective and experiential aspects concern the speaker's"present"perspective,and the durative aspect the speaker's"present"perspective of observing the inside of the event.The delimitative aspect conveys not only the speaker's"present"perspective,but also the speaker's affect.