劳动关系对农村流动人口养老保险参保行为的影响——基于2016年全国流动人口动态监测调查数据

The Impact of Labor Relations on Endowment Insurance Participation of Rural Migrant Population--A Study Based on the 2016 Dynamic Monitoring Survey Data of National Migrant Population

劳动关系始终是影响社会保险的重要因素,作为社会保险重要内容的养老保险同样受到劳动关系的深刻影响。基于2016年全国流动人口动态监测调查数据(CMDS),研究探讨了劳动关系对农村流动人口养老保险参保行为的影响,并进行了异质性检验。结果表明:(1)劳动关系显著影响养老保险参保行为。收入水平越高,用人单位越正规,参保概率越高;自我雇佣参保概率高于他雇;是否签订劳动合同与参保概率成正比。(2)作为劳动关系的重要内容,劳动合同和月收入不仅直接影响养老保险参保行为,而且作为中介变量和调节变量对养老保险参保行为产生显著影响。从劳动关系角度提升参保水平的可能途径,一是逐步实现劳动合同全覆盖,二是提高劳动者收入水平。

As an important factor restricting the development of social insurance, labor relations have great impacts on pension insurance. This study, based on the 2016 dynamic monitoring survey data of national migrant population(CMDS), explored the impact of labor relations on pension insurance participation of the rural migrant population, and conducted a heterogeneity test. The results of the study showed that labor relations significantly affected endowment insurance participation of the migrant population. This could be seen as the higher the income level of the migrant population was and the more formal the employer was, the higher the probability of participating in insurance was;the probability of selfemployed participation was higher than that of other employees;and whether to sign a labor contract was directly proportional to the probability of participation. Moreover, labor contracts and monthly income, as an important part of labor relations, not only directly affected endowment insurance participation, but also had a significant impact on it as intermediary and moderating variables. Hence, from the perspective of labor relations, there are feasible ways to enhance the level of insurance participation: One is to gradually achieve full coverage of labor contracts, whilst the other is to increase the income level of workers.