公共卫生事件下中医药应急科研体系的构建——基于中医药应对新冠疫情的案例分析

Construction of emergency scientific research system of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the context of public health events ——A case study of TCM in coping with COVID-19 epidemic

我国在中医药方面筛选并研发出"三药三方",在抗击新冠疫情中发挥了重要作用。化湿败毒方和宣肺败毒方是"三药三方"中的新药。"肺炎1号"在湖北省得到了广泛应用。这三种药物是中医药研发领域很典型的案例。总结这三种药物的研发过程具有重要意义。不仅有利于增强民族自信和文化自信,而且可以为完善公共卫生科研攻关体系以及提升中医药研发水平提供参考。在对这三种药物的研发过程进行案例分析的基础上,总结出中医药应急科研体系。中医药的应急科研体系包括科研管理、科研攻关和成果的应用与转化三部分。中医药深厚的医学积累为应急科技攻关提供了支撑,传统中医药与现代科技紧密结合是加快研发速度的关键,中医药企业较强的生产能力是科研成果迅速得到广泛应用的保障。对应急状态下开展中医药科研提出了几点对策建议。第一、要促进科研管理、科研攻关以及成果应用之间的衔接;第二、要注重前方救治一线和后方科研团队之间的配合;第三、要加强研究基地建设;第四、要注重与中医药企业开展产学研合作。

Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is the feature and highlight of"Chinese Program"in fighting against COVID-19 epidemic.China has screened and developed"three medicines and three prescriptions",which have played an important role in fighting against COVID-19 epidemic.Three medicines are Jinhua Qinggan Granule,Lianhua Qingwen Capsule/Granule,Xuebijing Injection."Three prescriptions"refer to Lung Cleansing and Detoxifying decoction,HuaShiBaiDu Formula,XuanFeiBaiDu Granule.HuaShiBaiDu Formula and XuanFeiBaiDu Granule are new developed drugs.In Hubei Province,where the COVID-19 epidemic situation is most serious,"pneumonia No.1"developed by Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine has been widely used.Based on the specific background of COVID-19 epidemic,these three drugs are typical cases in the R&D field of TCM.Valuable experience has been accumulated in the research and development of these three kinds of drugs,so it is of great significance to summarize them.It not only helps to enhance national and cultural self-confidence,but also provides reference for improving public health research system and improving the level of TCM research and development.This paper reviews the research literature on science&technology management of TCM and the components of emergency science&research system.The research and development system of science and technology in emergency consists of three parts:science&technology management department,scientific research institutions and science&technology service system.The scientific and technological innovation of TCM has some problems,such as the single subject of scientific and technological innovation,the scattered platform of scientific research and innovation,and insufficient coordination.In order to improve the research ability in emergency,it is necessary not only to establish a number of research bases,but also to enhance the collaborative ability.There is still a lack of research on the scientific research system of TCM in emergency.This paper reviews the research and development process of HuaShiBaiDu Formula,XuanFeiBaiDu Granule and"pneumonia No.1".The medical team of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences learned from the ancient prescriptions and formed the"HuaShiBaiDu formula".Clinical trials were completed in some hospitals,which include Wuhan Jinyintan hospital.The rear research support team of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences has completed the R&D of new drugs,the registration and application work.It has been included in the"diagnosis and treatment plan"(7 th Edition)issued by the National Health Commission of the People′s Republic of China,and its patent has been transferred to the enterprise with 150 million yuan.Relying on"the library of the component-based Chinese medicine",academician Zhang Boli′s team screened out two kinds of medicinal materials(Polygonum cuspidatum and Verbena officinalis),and formed"XuanFeiBaiDu Granule"on the basis of ancient prescriptions.Its clinical trials were carried out in Hubei Provincial Hospital of integrated Chinese&Western medicine,and the results were good.The trial production of XuanFeiBaiDu Granule was completed by Tianjin Tongrentang Group.In February 2020,Ministry of Science and Technology issued a document relying on Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine to build"State Key Laboratory of the component-based Chinese medicine",which is a very important forward-looking layout in scientific and technological innovation of TCM.Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine learns from the ancient prescription and formed"pneumonia No.1"prescription.Its curative effect was confirmed in Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,and then it was popularized and used in the whole province.Jingpai Chizhengtang Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd.and Wuhan Jianmin Group provide production guarantee for drug use.On the basis of reviewing the R&D process of the three drugs,it summarizes the composition of the scientific and technological research system in emergency of the TCM,it includes three parts:scientific research management,scientific research and application&transformation of achievements.Through the review and analysis of the research process of these three drugs,several conclusions are drawn.First,the deep medical accumulation of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)has laid the foundation for scientific research in emergency.These three kinds of drugs all learn from ancient prescriptions.The COVID-19 is a kind of"epidemic disease".The ancient China has profound and rich theory of"epidemic disease",and has rich Traditional Chinese Medicine formula.So in the face of the COVID-19 epidemic,the researchers can quickly find the direction of treatment and research.Second,the combination of TCM and modern science&technology is the key to speed up the R&D.With the theory of TCM,the research direction can be clearly defined,and the speed of R&D can be accelerated by applying modern science and technology.Third,the strong production capacity of TCM enterprises is the guarantee for the rapid and wide application of scientific research achievements.Some countermeasures and suggestions are put forward to carry out TCM research in emergency state.First,science and technology management,scientific research,and application of achievements should be more closely linked.Second,it is important to promote the cooperation between the front-line and rear research teams to improve the efficiency of R&D.Third,it should strengthen the construction of research bases,such as strengthen the construction of"State Key Laboratory of the component-based Chinese medicine",so as to enhance the R&D ability of TCM in emergency.Fourth,we should pay attention to carry out industry-university-research cooperation with Chinese medicine enterprises.It should not only play the role of enterprises in scientific research cooperation,but also play the role of enterprises in the transformation and application of achievements.