长江三角洲典型地区蔬菜生产功能空间分异及布局优化研究——以上海市崇明区为例

Spatial differentiation and layout optimization of vegetable production function in a typical area of the Yangtze River Delta:A case study of Chongming District,Shanghai

为全面了解蔬菜生产空间分布特征及影响因素,科学评价蔬菜生产功能适宜性,本文以长江三角洲的上海市崇明区为例,构建了蔬菜生产空间优势度评价指标体系(5个维度、15项具体指标),利用ArcGIS10.5 Open GeoDa软件,采用多因素综合评价、空间相关性分析等方法对蔬菜生产空间布局进行研究。结果表明:耕地资源本底状况、生产设施条件规划生态空间限制等因素对蔬菜生产空间分布影响较大;蔬菜生产功能空间集聚特征明显(Moran’s I=0.51,p<0.05),LISA集聚图空间特征与空间优势度等级基本吻合;崇明区蔬菜生产功能区域差异明显,适宜性呈现北部—中部—南部逐步降低的空间结构特征,中等适宜等级及以上的区域占比超过40%,适宜性等级高的单元内部具有均质性。研究结果可为农业功能区划定、国土空间格局优化、耕地保护政策制定等工作提供科学依据。

In this study,we aimed to fully understand the distribution characteristics and influencing factors of vegetable production space and to scientifically delimit the functional areas for agricultural development.The Chongming District of Shanghai in the Yangtze River Delta was our study area,and we constructed an evaluation index system of vegetable production spatial dominance(5 dimensions and 15 specific indicators)using ArcGIS 10.5,OpenGeoDa software,and by applying a multi-level analysis method and spatial correlation analysis to study the distribution of vegetable production space.The results showed that the environment of the cultivated land resources,conditions of the production facilities,and planning of ecological spaces had great influence on the spatial distribution of vegetable production.The spatial clustering characteristics of the vegetable production function were obvious(Moran's I=0.51,P<0.05),and the spatial characteristics of the LISA cluster map were mainly consistent with the spatial dominance level.Regional differences in the vegetable production function were evident,and the suitability gradually decreased in the spatial structure of the north-center-south.The proportion of areas with a medium suitability level and above was more than 40%,and the unit with a high suitability level had homogeneity.These results could provide a scientific basis for the delimitation of agricultural functional areas,the optimization of land spatial patterns,and the formulation of cultivated land protection policies.