上海地区奶牛乳房炎病原菌的分离鉴定及耐药性分析

Isolation and Identification Drug Resistance Analysis of Pathogen ofDairy Cow Mastitis

为了解上海地区奶牛乳房炎主要致病菌种类、分布及药物敏感特性,为奶牛乳房炎治疗选用敏感性药物提供依据。采集该地区奶牛场71份临床型奶牛乳房炎奶样进行细菌分离鉴定,并对主要病原菌进行药敏试验。结果显示,71份奶样共检出金黄色葡萄球菌12株,分离率最高,为16.9%,大肠杆菌11株,占15.5%,克雷伯氏菌8株,占11.3%,粪肠球菌5株,占7.0%。药敏试验显示,4种主要病原菌主要对头孢噻吩、氨苄西林、磺胺异唑抗菌药物表现不同程度的耐药,耐药率在75.0%~100.0%,对头孢噻呋、环丙沙星、阿莫西林-克拉维酸抗菌药物较敏感,敏感率在60.0%~100.0%;多重耐药菌株共16株,占22.5%,大肠杆菌和克雷伯氏菌存在同时对9种和10种抗菌药物耐药现象,多重耐药较严重。说明引起该地区奶牛乳房炎的关键致病菌为金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、粪肠球菌、克雷伯氏菌。细菌药敏试验结果显示:分离菌株对氨苄西林、磺胺异唑、庆大霉素具有较强耐药性;对头孢噻呋、环丙沙星、阿莫西林-克拉维酸抗菌药物敏感,上述研究结果可为该地区奶牛乳房炎的防制提供可靠的理论依据。

In order to understand the species,distribution and drug sensitive characteristics of major pathogenic bacteria of cow mastitis in Shanghai,and to provide the basis for selecting sensitive drugs for the treatment of cow mastitis,we collected 71 clinical dairy cow mastitis milk samples from dairy farms in this area for bacterial isolation and identification,and conducted drug sensitivity test on the main pathogens.The results showed that 12 strains of staphylococcus aureus were detected in 71 samples,with the highest isolation rate(16.9%),11 strains of E.coli(15.5%),8 strains of Klebsiella(11.3%),5 strains of Enterococcus faecalis(7.0%).The drug sensitivity test showed that the four main pathogenic bacteria showed different degrees of drug resistance to cefalotin,amicacillin,sulfamethoxazole antibiotics,with the drug resistance rate of 75.0%to 100.0%,and were more sensitive to ceftaxifume,ciprofloxacin,amoxicillin-clavulanic acid antibiotics,with the sensitivity rate of 60.0%to 100.0%.There were 16 multidrug-resistant strains in total,accounting for 22.5%.Escherichia coli and klebsiella were resistant to nine or ten antibiotics,and multidrug-resistant strains were more serious.The results showed that the key pathogenic bacteria of cow mastitis in this area were Staphylococcus aureus,Escherichia coli,Enterococcus faecalis and Klebsiella.The results of bacterial drug susceptibility test showed that the isolates had strong resistance to ampicillin,sulfamethoxazole and gentamicin.It is sensitive to cefutiroxime,ciprofloxacin and amoxicillin-clavulinic acid.The above results can provide a reliable theoretical basis for the prevention and control of dairy cow mastitis in this area.