法治建设的国家能力基础:从国族认同建构能力切入

The Basic State Capacity in the Construction of Rule of Law:From the Perspective of the Ability of National Identity Construction

援引“国家能力”的概念及其学说来讨论中国法治问题,如今正逐渐在中国法学界成为一种新潮流。但当将这些出自非法学研究者之手的理论运用来研究中国法治问题时,其中有些概念乃至分析框架,应当事先做一番必要的检讨与调整,再非常谨慎地予以借用。尤其是要适当超越“国家能力”学说有可能过度凸显的某种“自上而下支配”的面向。国族认同建构能力可被用来将国家能力问题与法治建设勾连起来进行讨论。作为国家能力之内容的重要组成部分,国族认同建构能力不仅是在全球化时代最大程度地维系一国法治之自身正当性的基础,也是有助于在一国范围内以最小成本高质量地构建回应型法治的润滑剂。

There is a new research trend to discuss the rule of law in China by quoting the concepts and theories of“state capacity”.However,when applying them to the study of China’s rule of law,some of the concepts and even the analytical framework should be reviewed and adjusted cautiously in advance.In particular,we should appropriately go beyond the“top-down domination”dimension which may be over highlighted by the“state capacity”theory.The ability of national identity construction can be regarded as a core concept linking the problem of state capacity with the construction of the rule of law.As one of the important parts of state capacity,the ability of national identity construction is not only the basis for maintaining the legitimacy of one certain country’s rule of law to the greatest extent in the era of globalization,but also a lubricant to promote the rule of law in one certain country with minimum cost and high quality.