论区域创新体系建设——基于长三角区域一体化创新体系的考察

On Regional Innovation System Construction:Based on an Investigation of the Integrated Innovation System of the Yangtze River Delta

区域创新体系是国家创新体系的重要组成部分。长三角区域要真正形成一体化的区域创新体系,需要根据新时代要求进行制度和组织的创新,包括:区域内形成合作创新的机制,壮大核心区的科创内核,科创中心和其外围有效对接,围绕产业链部署创新链。对创新型区域可从三方面进行评价:一是创新产出评价,二是创新投入评价,三是创新制度评价。创新型区域都会拥有若干个创新型城市。依托创新型城市向周边辐射创新成果,就能带动创新型区域的建设。创新型城市是指创新资源高度集聚、创新成果极为丰硕、对周边科技和产业创新具有较强辐射和引领作用的城市。创新型城市的特征是创新源丰富,创新的动力来自高水平的研究型大学和各类创新型人才高度集聚、广泛分布的科技创新平台、紧密结合的产学研协同创新。创新型区域尺度范围包含多个创新型城市及其辐射的外围地区。外围与创新中心对接,要求作为创新中心的创新型城市主动向外围扩散技术。这是建设创新型区域的主动力。外围要成为创新型区域的一部分,更需要接受中心扩散的高新技术,主要措施包括建科技创新平台、建科技创新园区、建完善的科技服务体系。其内生条件涉及企业、人和政府三个方面:要让企业真正成为技术创新的主体,加强人力资本投入,建设创新型政府。

Regional innovation system is an important part of national innovation system.To achieve perfectly integrated regional innovation system,institutional and organizational innovation is required in the Yangtze River Delta in accordance with the new era standards.That includes regional mechanism of cooperative innovation,strengthened innovation value of the core areas,effective links between innovation centers and their external units,and innovation chains deployed around industrial chains.The innovation regions should be assessed in three respects:output,investment,and institution.An innovation region contains a certain number of innovation cities which radiate innovation output and facilitate innovation region construction.Those cities are concentrations of innovation resources and output,and paradigms for technological and industrial innovation of surrounding areas.Rich innovation resources is one characteristic of innovation cities.Their momentum comes from highly concentrated first-notch research universities and innovation talent,extensively distributed technological innovation platforms,and integrated cooperative innovation among industries,universities,and institutes.An innovation region includes multiple innovation cities and their satellite areas.Links between the satellite areas and their innovation centers are functional when the innovation cities actively radiate technologies to the former,which is the major momentum of innovation region construction.To become part of the innovation region,the satellite areas need to acquire high technology radiated from the centers,by building technological innovation platforms,industrial parks,and complete service system.There are three endogenous conditions.One,enterprises become the subject of technological innovation.Two,investment in human capital is increased.Three,innovation-oriented government is in place.