甘肃省县域乡村生活质量空间分异特征及其影响因素

Spatial Differentiation Characteristics of Influencing Factors of Quality of Rural Life in Gansu Province

乡村生活质量是反映乡村经济发展水平的重要指标,直接关系到乡村居民的切身利益,关乎人民福祉。通过构建乡村生活质量指数模型,借助空间自相关和地理探测器分析甘肃省县域乡村生活质量及其影响因素的空间分异特征,结果表明:(1)甘肃省乡村生活质量空间分布具有明显的地域差异性,呈现由西向东逐渐降低的趋势,且在空间上具有显著的集聚特征,其中高-高(H-H)集聚区主要分布在河西走廊中西部地区,低-低(L-L)集聚区主要分布在省域南部地区,两者均呈连片分布;高-低(H-L)集聚区仅包含迭部1个县。(2)乡村生活质量的主导影响因素是降水量、坡度、建设用地乡村化率、距省会城市的距离、农业机械总动力、第一产业GDP占比、乡村人口总量。(3)各评价单元乡村生活质量的主要影响因素及其作用强度存在较明显的空间差异,陇中、陇东和甘南地区为经济因子主控型,河西走廊地区为自然因子主控型,陇东南地区为经济因子主控型与综合因素牵引型。

Quality of rural life(QRL)is an important indicator reflecting the level of rural economic development,which is directly related to the vital interests of rural residents and the well-being of the people.This paper constructed a model of QRL and analyzed the spatial differentiation characteristics and influencing factors of QRL by spatial auto-correlation and geographical detector.The results show that:(1)the spatial distribution of QRL has obvious regional differences,the QRL gradually reduces from west to east,and presents obvious spatial clustering characteristics.H-H cluster area is mainly distributed in the central and western regions of Hexi Corridor,L-L cluster area is mainly distributed in the southern regions of the province,both of which are in contiguous distribution,H-L cluster area only contains one county Diebu.(2)The main influencing factors of QRL include precipitation,slope,rate of rural construction land,distance from provincial capital city,total power of agricultural machinery,proportion of GDP of primary industry and total rural population.(3)There are significant spatial differences in the main influencing factors and in the intensity of their effects on the QRL in each evaluation unit.The central,eastern and southern areas of Gansu are dominated by human factors,the Hexi Corridor is dominated by natural factors,and the southeast of Gansu is dominated by human factors and pulled by comprehensive factors.