基于巢式分组设计的板栗刺苞与坚果形态多样性分析

Morphological diversity analysis of chestnut thorns bract and nuts based on nested grouping design

【目的】通过揭示不同板栗种质资源在迁西地区的表型多样性、变异规律及变异水平,为迁西地区板栗的引种、育种等工作提供依据。【方法】以6个板栗群体39份板栗种质资源为研究对象,在坚果成熟期采集刺苞与坚果,并测定其相关表型性状。采用双因素巢式分组试验设计方差分析、聚类分析方法进行多样性分析。【结果】1)刺束长度在群体内存在显著性差异,而在群体间差异性不显著,其余9个性状指标在群体内和群体间差异均达到显著水平;2)各性状指标变异系数均存在显著性差异。北京、河北、湖北、山东板栗群体平均变异系数较大;3)群体间平均变异与群体内平均变异比约为2:11,表明各性状群体内的变异远高于群体间的变异;4)采用系统聚类中Ward聚类法进行聚类分析,结果与地理分布格局基本相吻合。【结论】板栗刺苞与坚果表型形态性状多样性丰富;其中北京、河北、湖北、山东板栗群体平均变异系数较大,说明其板栗表型性状多态性较为丰富,性状遗传稳定性较低,具有较大的遗传潜力;通过对比群体间与群体内的变异系数得出群体内变异是板栗表型性状呈多样性的主要来源;根据聚类结果可以得到地理分布相近的板栗群体可以相互引种。

【Objective】By revealing the phenotypic diversity,variation law and variation level of different chestnut germplasm resources in Qianxi area,it provides a basis for the introduction and breeding of chestnut in Qianxi area.【Method】A total of 39 chestnut germplasm resources from 6 chestnut populations were studied.Thorns bract and nuts were collected during the ripening stage of nuts and their phenotypic traits were determined.Two-factor nested group trials were used to design variance analysis and cluster analysis methods for diversity analysis.【Result】1)There were significant differences in Beam length within populations,but no significant differences among populations.The other 9 traits were significantly different within and among populations;2)There are significant differences in the coefficient of variation of each trait index.The average coefficient of variation of chestnut populations in Beijing,Hebei,Hubei and Shandong is large;3)The average variation between populations and the average variation ratio within the population is about 2:11,indicating that the variation within each trait population is much higher than the variation between populations.4)Ward clustering method in system clustering is used to cluster analysis,and the results are basically consistent with the geographical distribution pattern.【Conclusion】Chestnut thorns bract and nut phenotypic morphological diversity;the average coefficient of variation of chestnut populations in Beijing,Hebei,Hubei and shandong is large,indicating that the phenotypic trait of chestnut nuts are rich in polymorphism,the genetic stability of traits is low,and it has great genetic potential;By comparing the coefficient of variation between populations and within the population,it is concluded that intra-population variation is the main source of diversity of chestnut phenotypic traits;According to the clustering results,chestnut populations with similar geographical distribution can be introduced to each other.