基于江风渗透能力的街区形态控制研究--以街区围合形式和街道走向为例

The Spatial Form Control Based on Penetration Capability of River Wind:Taking the Enclosure Pattern and Street Direction as an Example

在城市化迅速发展的背景下,长江中下游地区的滨水街区高密度、高容积率、高层数的特点愈发明显,其微气候和空气质量受到较大影响。合理的街区空间形态对于引入江河风来改善微环境具有重要的实际意义。以空气中的水蒸气含量为标志物,通过实地测量和CFD数值模拟的方法,来探究街区形态对江风渗透能力的影响机制,为滨水街区规划与设计策略提供理论参考。研究发现,围合街区的空间形态、街道走向等对于江风渗透能力有显著影响,当街道走向与风向平行时,高围合案例具有较好的江风渗透能力,而风向与街道走向呈22.5°和45°时,江风在低围合案例中渗透情况较好。同时,相关形态学指标在街区微环境建设中需要得到控制。

Under the background of rapid urbanization,the characteristics of high density,high volume ratio and high buildings of the waterfront blocks in the lower parts of the Yangtze River is becoming more and more obvious,and their microclimate and air quality have gradually been impacted.Proper spatial form has practical significance for introducing river wind to improve micro-environment.Taking the water vapor content as a research index,we explore the influence mechanism of the block shape on the river wind permeability through the field measurement and CFD numerical simulation method,so as to provide a theoretical reference for the waterfront block planning and design strategy.It is found that the enclosure pattern,street direction of the block has an influence on the permeability of the river wind.When the street direction is parallel with the wind direction,river wind has higher penetration ability in the high enclosure cases.When the wind direction has an 22.5°and 45°angle with the street,river wind penetration ability is better in the cases of low enclosure.Relevant morphological indicators mentioned needed to be controlled in the micro-environment design of the block.