辐照室穿墙布线孔洞位置设计的初步探讨

Preliminary Discussion on the Location Design of Through-Wall Wiring Holes in the Irradiation Rooms

目的探究在辐照室穿墙布线并符合辐射防护三原则的方法。方法选定一个后装治疗机及机房,辐照室与操作室之间的墙面预留一个直径为8.3 cm的布线孔洞,测量并比较辐射剂量仪位于操作室内孔洞旁不同位置和放射源位于辐照室内孔洞旁不同位置的最高辐射剂量率。结果放射源距离孔洞延长线越远,辐射到室外的放射线越小;放射源固定时,在辐照室外距离孔洞延长线越远,受到的辐射越小,在孔洞延长线上受到的辐射远大于其他情况。结论根据辐射防护的三原则,由测量结果可以得出,在辐照室内,放射源可能经过的位置不得位于孔洞延长线上,应尽量远离孔洞延长线;在操作室内,工作人员和公众居留因子高的位置应尽量远离孔洞延长线;孔洞面积应尽可能的小。

Objective According to the three principles of radiation protection,the through-wall wiring method in the irradiation rooms has been explored.Methods An afterloading therapy equipment and a machine room were involved in this study.A wiring hole with the diameter of 8.3 cm has been reserved in the wall between the irradiation room and the operation room.The highest radiation dose rates were measured and compared when the radiation dosimeter at different positions near the hole in the operating room and the radioactive source at different positions near the hole in the irradiation room.Results The farther the radioactive source was from the extension line of the hole,the lower was the radiation dose measured outside the irradiation room.When the radioactive source was fixed,the farther from the extension line of the hole outside the irradiation room,the lower of the radiation dose was measured,and the dose measured along the extension line was much higher than all the other positions.Conclusions According to the three principles of radiation protection and the results of this study,here are some conclusions.In the irradiation room,the possible position of the radioactive source should not be located on the extension line of the hole,but should be as far away from it as possible.In the operation room,the place where the staff and others would stay frequently should be far away from the extension line of the hole.The size of the hole should be as small as possible.