以能力为导向构建实验课程翻转课堂模式

On the Designing of Competence-Oriented Laboratory Courseswith the Flipped Lab Model

在自然科学类专业中,实验课程起着举足轻重的作用。学生在实验课程中的学习是否能够取得良好效果,很大程度上取决于他们在做实验之前所做的准备工作。在实验准备阶段,学生应当学习必要的理论知识,以便在真实的实验室环境下能够独立做出恰当的反应,从而提高更高层次的行为能力(Handlungskompetenz)。翻转实验课堂(Flipped Lab)采用颠倒(Inverted)或者说翻转(Flipped)学习的原则,并通过使用多媒体来满足科学实验教育提出的要求。这一模式把学生的学习重点更多地转移到实验准备阶段,从而减轻学生在实验室环境下的认知负担,促进他们的能力发展。

Laboratories play a central role in the undergraduate science curriculum.The effectiveness of learning in laboratory courses depends strongly on student engagement in pre-lab activities,where they develop the theoretical background required to act adequately and independently in the actual lab situation,so that the development of higher level competences can occur.The Flipped Lab approach adopts the principles of inverted(or flipped)learning to the requirements of educational scientific laboratories utilizing a multimedia learning environment.Thereby the students’focus shifts towards the pre-lab phase,during which the cognitive load on students is reduced and competence development is fostered.