美国住院医师突发重大公共卫生事件教育及其特点探讨

Characteristics of education on major public health emergencies for residents in the United States

住院医师规范化培训是培养高质量医师的重要途径,目前我国仍在持续改进阶段。美国住院医师培训采用住院医师培训目标胜任力评价系统来评价住院医师,对于住院医师应对公共卫生事件能力有具体且实用的评估方案。通过对住院医师进行一系列课程的培养以及定期能力水平的评估,住院医师最终将拥有良好的应对突发公共卫生事件的能力和水平。针对突发重大公共卫生事件,美国毕业后教育认证委员会(ACGME)都会及时在相关网站发应对事件的注意事项、行动指南及培训要求,供住院医师和培训基地及时了解并按要求执行,以期保证住院医师和基地在应对过程中的规范性。

Standardized training of residents is an important way to cultivate high-quality doctors.China is currently in the stage of continuous improvement.In the United States,the competency evaluation system of resident training objectives is used to evaluate residents,which has a specific and practical evaluation program for residents’ability to respond to public health events.As a result of the training via a series of courses and regular evaluation of their competence,residents will eventually develop a good ability to deal with public health emergencies.In response to major public health emergencies,ACGME keeps updating notices,guidelines and training requirements on relevant websites for residents and training bases so as to ensure standardization of responses by residents and bases.