基于月基观测的脉冲星可见性分析

Analysis of Pulsar Visibility Based on Lunar Observation

针对月基脉冲星观测可见性问题,系统梳理了脉冲星可见性影响因素,提出了脉冲星可见性分析方法,在复杂月球运动模型的基础上,建立了一套简化的月基观测站坐标系转换模型。通过理论计算和仿真分析,论证了月基观测站位置、太阳规避角、地球遮挡、脉冲星方位对脉冲星可见性的影响,分析了月球典型区域脉冲星观测可见性特点。结果表明:月基观测站所在纬度对可见时间影响较大,高纬度地区有利于脉冲星的持续观测;太阳规避角与规避时长呈正比;月球正面区域会受到地球规避影响;脉冲星赤纬会影响太阳规避时长,赤纬越大,太阳规避时长越小。

To study the pulsar visibility in lunar observation,the factors affecting the visibility of pulsars were systematically sorted out and a pulsar visibility analysis method was proposed.Based on the complex lunar motion model,a set of simplified coordinate system conversion model of the moon-based observatory was established.Through theoretical calculation and simulation analysis,the influence of the observatory station position on the moon,the sun avoidance angle,the earth occlusion,and the pulsar orientation on the visibility of pulsars were demonstrated.The visibility characteristics of pulsar observations in typical areas on the moon were analyzed.The results showed that,the latitude of the moon-based observatory had a greater impact on the visible time;High latitudes were conducive to continuous observation of pulsars;The sun avoidance angle was proportional to the avoidance time.In addition,the frontal area of the moon was affected by the evasion of the earth,while the pulsar declination could affect the solar evasion duration,the greater the declination,the shorter the solar evasion duration.