γ射线辐照结合球磨处理灵芝孢子粉破壁新工艺研究

Study on a new technique for the treatment of Ganoderma lucidum spore powders using ball milling andγray irradiation

采用γ射线辐照与球磨技术相结合处理灵芝孢子粉,期望提高其破壁率和多糖含量,以吸收剂量、球磨时间为试验因子进行双因素试验,并结合扫描电子显微镜、傅里叶红外光谱对不同处理条件下灵芝孢子的外观形态及分子结构进行表征。试验结果显示:吸收剂量大于4.892 kGy或球磨时间大于1 min时,两者均会对灵芝孢子粉破壁率和灵芝多糖含量产生显著影响,其中球磨预处理的影响程度更大;另外,辐照与球磨两种处理方式间存在交互作用,且交互作用对灵芝孢子粉的破壁率和多糖含量的影响具有显著性。试验最优工艺条件为吸收剂量15.231 kGy,结合球磨处理5 min,此时灵芝孢子粉破壁率达到97.18%,多糖含量达13.230 mg/g;灵芝孢子的完整结构几乎完全消失,破碎十分彻底。在1456 cm−1出现小尖峰,1652 cm−1处出现双峰,完全区别于未破壁孢子。

To improve the wall-broken rate and polysaccharide content of Ganoderma lucidum spore powders,a combined treatment ofγray irradiation and ball milling technique was used.Two-factor tests were conducted using the absorbed dose and the ball milling time as the test factors.The morphology and molecular structure of the Ganoderma lucidum spores were characterized using scanning electron microscope and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer tests under different treatment conditions.The results showed that when the absorbed dose was higher than 4.892 kGy,or the ball milling time was higher than 1 minute,the absorbed dose and ball milling time had significant effects on the wall-broken rate and the polysaccharide content of the Ganoderma lucidum spore powders,with the ball milling time having a greater effect.In addition,there was an interaction between the two pretreatment methods,which significantly affected the wall-broken rates and the polysaccharide contents of the Ganoderma lucidum spore powders.Furthermore,the optimal wall-broken rate of 97.18%and polysaccharide mass fraction of 13.230 mg/g were achieved when the Ganoderma lucidum spore powders were irradiated at 15.231 kGy with a ball milling time of 5 min.In addition,under these treatment conditions,the complete oval structure of the Ganoderma lucidum spores was almost completely broken.A small spike was observed at 1456 cm−1,and a double peak was observed at 1652 cm−1,which were completely different from the unbroken wall spores.