基于模糊失效模式与影响分析的数控机床故障模式风险评价

Risk Assessment of CNC Machine Tool Failure Mode Based on Fuzzy FMEA

数控机床具有高效能、高精度、高柔性、高自动化等特性,一旦发生故障,往往会给企业生产带来巨大影响,因此,数控机床在生产过程中具有核心作用。以WN-736B型数控铣床为例,基于模糊失效模式与影响分析方法,对数控机床故障模式进行风险评价。在进行风险评价时,先分析模糊失效模式与影响分析理论,以及数控机床的故障模式,采用专家打分法评估确定各故障模式的发生度、严重度、可探测度的模糊等级;再针对不同专家在评估不同对象时存在的能力差异问题,确定基于属性差异的专家重要度矩阵;在此基础上,应用模糊计算方法分析确定各故障模式的风险优先值;最后根据风险优先值,得到数控机床故障模式的风险评价排序结果。基于模糊失效模式与影响分析对数控机床故障模式进行风险评价,能够提高数控机床的运行可靠性,具有现实意义。

The CNC machine tool has the characteristics of high efficiency,high precision,high flexibility,and high automation.Once a failure occurs,it will often have a huge impact on the production of the enterprise.Therefore,the CNC machine tool has a key role during the production run.Taking WN 736B CNC milling machine as an example,based on fuzzy FMEA method,the risk assessment of the CNC machine tool failure mode was carried out.When conducting risk assessment,first analyze the fuzzy FMEA theory,as well as the CNC machine tool failure mode,and use expert scoring method to evaluate and determine the fuzzy level of the occurrence,severity and detectability of each failure mode.Then,according to capacity variance of different experts when evaluating different objects,determine the expert importance matrix based on the difference of attributes.On this basis,the fuzzy calculation procedure is used to analyze and determine the risk priority value of each failure mode.Finally,according to the risk priority value,the ranking results of the CNC machine tool failure mode are obtained through risk assessment.The risk assessment of the CNC machine tool failure mode based on the fuzzy FMEA can improve the operational reliability of the CNC machine tool and has practical significance.