浙江省台州市电子垃圾拆解地多溴联苯醚浓度水平分布特征和迁移趋势

Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether in E-waste Dismantling Sites in Taizhou City,Zhejiang Province:Concentration,Distribution,and Migration Trend

本研究分析了浙江省台州市电子垃圾拆解地及其周边表层土壤和大气中多溴联苯醚(PBDEs)的浓度水平.结果表明,台州市峰江和滨海的拆解园区、农田和居住区土壤中∑12PBDEs含量(以dw计)范围分别为21.8~1310 ng·g^-1和6.19~220 ng·g^-1,PBDEs单体分布没有显著差异.峰江和滨海两地大气中∑12PBDEs质量浓度范围分别为262~3240 pg·m^-3和840~2990 pg·m^-3,浓度中值分别为1410 pg·m^-3和840 pg·m^-3(冬季)、1590 pg·m^-3和1960 pg·m^-3(夏季),除去BDE209外的11种PBDEs单体分布在冬夏两季呈现显著性差异.通过土-气交换逸度分析发现峰江和滨海PBDEs在土-气分布迁移趋势上呈现一定的差异性.峰江PBDEs的迁移趋势主要以土壤挥发为主,土壤是大气中3~5溴代BDEs的排放源,温度的升高可以促进这一过程,这说明峰江土壤中PBDEs已成为污染释放源,建议应对峰江电子垃圾拆解园区土壤和附近农田开展土壤修复.滨海PBDEs的迁移趋势则主要以大气沉降为主,土壤是PBDEs主要的汇,说明滨海的拆解园成为PBDEs的新排放源.

The concentration of polybrominated biphenyl ethers(PBDEs)in surface soil and atmosphere of e-waste dismantling sites in Taizhou city,Zhejiang Province was determined.The concentration ranges of∑12PBDEs in surface soil of e-waste dismantling site,farmland,and resident areas in Fengjiang Town(FJ)and Binhai Town(BH)were 21.8-1310 ng·g^-1 and 6.19-220 ng·g^-1,respectively.No significant difference was observed in the distribution of PBDEs between the FJ and BH soil.The concentration range of∑12PBDEs in the atmosphere of FJ and BH were 262-3240 pg·m^-3 and 840-2990 pg·m^-3,respectively.The median levels of PBDEs in the atmosphere of FJ and BH were 1410 pg·m^-3 and 840 pg·m^-3 in winter and 1590 pg·m^-3 and 1960 pg·m^-3 in summer,respectively.However,a significant difference was observed in the distribution of 11 PBDE congeners,except BDE-209,during winter and summer seasons.The migration trend analysis showed the differences between the soil and air of FJ and BH.The main migration trend of 3-5-BDEs was the volatilization from soil to atmosphere,and the increase in temperature promoted the volatilization of these PBDEs from soil to atmosphere in FJ.This indicated that the PBDEs in soil had become a major source of pollution emission and suggested that soil remediation should be carried out at the e-waste dismantling site and parts of farmland in FJ.Contrary to FJ,atmospheric deposition was the major migration trend of PBDEs and the soil was the main sink of PBDEs in BH.This indicated that e-waste dismantling site in BH could be a new source of PBDEs emission in this area.